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MAT-16 Modeling and Simulation HW Background We will construct a simple model of

ID: 3569221 • Letter: M

Question

MAT-16 Modeling and Simulation HW

Background

We will construct a simple model of population growth in MATLAB. The model should produce an output table showing population by year as well as a graph summarizing the growth. Use the model to project the population of metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia (in the census this is called the Metropolitan Statistical Area or MSA). The population in that area has been growing exponentially since 1960. Between 1960 and 1990 the Atlanta MSA grew at an approximate rate of 2.7% per year. The base

population in 1960 was 1,312,474, as shown in the table below. Your equation will be

where n is the number of years after 1960, i.e. for 1970, n=10.

The values from Wikipedia for decades up until 1990 are:

Atlanta Population

Year

Decade

City

MSA

1850

1

2,572

1860

2

9,554

1870

3

21,789

1880

4

37,409

1890

5

65,533

1900

6

89,872

419,375

1910

7

154,839

522,442

1920

8

200,616

622,283

1930

9

270,366

715,391

1940

10

302,288

820,579

1950

11

331,314

997,666

1960

12

487,455

1,312,474

1970

13

496,973

1,763,626

1980

14

425,022

2,233,324

1990

15

394,017

2,959,950

For your information MATLAB also has a function to create a polynomial fit. To use MATLAB to create a polynomial curve fit, you can use the command polyfit().

The command:

C = polyfit(x_data,y_data, N)

Will fit the data to an Nth order polynomial with coefficients in the vector C.

To create a quadratic equation fit you would use polyfit with N=2.

Therefore the equation for the curve fit would be: C(1)x^2 + C(2)x + C(3).

MAT-16 Modeling and Simulation HW

Instructions

Write a MATLAB program to calculate and output to the command window and a figure window the answers to the following questions.

Using the exponential model, create and output to the command window a table showing the projected population for every year from 2000 to 2010. You can find the year 2000 and 2010 populations for the Atlanta MSA from Wikipedia

at: Atlanta Demographics

Plot the Wikipedia data using a * symbol for 2000 and 2010, and exponential fit on the same figure. Title and label appropriately.

Questions to be answered in command window based on program calculations:

What does the model predict the year 2000 population to be? What is predicted for 2010? How close do these come to the correct answer? If the Atlanta MSA continues to grow at the same rate, when will the metropolitan population reach 6 million? Discuss the limitations of this type of model for population growth. What types of events can cause drastic changes (up or down) in the rate of growth?

Year

Decade

City

MSA

1850

1

2,572

1860

2

9,554

1870

3

21,789

1880

4

37,409

1890

5

65,533

1900

6

89,872

419,375

1910

7

154,839

522,442

1920

8

200,616

622,283

1930

9

270,366

715,391

1940

10

302,288

820,579

1950

11

331,314

997,666

1960

12

487,455

1,312,474

1970

13

496,973

1,763,626

1980

14

425,022

2,233,324

1990

15

394,017

2,959,950

Explanation / Answer

t=-110:10:30;
city=[2572,9554,21789,37409,65533,89872,154839,200616,270366,302288,331314,487455,496973,425022,394017];
t1=-60:10:30;
MSA=[419375,522442,622283,715391,820579,997666,1312474,1763626,2233324,2959950];

C1=polyfit(t,city,2);

city_new=C1(1)*t.^2+C1(2)*t+C1(3);

C2=polyfit(t1,MSA,2);

MSA_new=C2(1)*t1.^2+C2(2)*t1+C2(3);

figure
plot(t,city,t,city_new,'r')
grid on
legend('actual','interpolated')

figure
plot(t1,MSA,t1,MSA_new,'r')
grid on
legend('actual','interpolated')

t3=40:50;
city_estimated=C1(1)*t3.^2+C1(2)*t3+C1(3);

MSA_estimated=C2(1)*t3.^2+C2(2)*t3+C2(3);
table(:,1)=1960+t3;
table(:,2)=city_estimated;
table(:,3)=MSA_estimated;
disp(table)