1. The protocol that asks for a MAC address for a known IP address is ..........
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1. The protocol that asks for a MAC address for a known IP address is .......................... Question 2 Traceroute relies on the .......................... field within the IP packet header. Question 3 Which of the following is *not* a reason why a ping might timeout? Answer 1. A router in between is filtering all ICMP traffic. 2. The destination has a firewall that will not accept ICMP traffic. 3. The sending system will not respond to ICMP requests . 4. The destination system is powered off. Question 4 Given a system that has an IP address of 192.168.2.25, and a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, and the gateway address is 192.168.2.1 - what would be the first system to receive data sent (next hop/destination), if the final destination address is 192.168.23.193? (Assume all systems were up and working.) Answer 1. 192.168.23.193 2. 192.168.2.1 3. 192.168.1.1 4. 127.0.0.1 Question 5 (fill in the blank) The subnet mask for a system with a natural class of the address of class "B", and the subnet id is 4 bits and the host id is 12 bits is .......................... Question 6 If the "System 1" sends a packet with a destination address of "System 2", with a TTL=3, which system will respond with an ICMP error message? Assume all systems will send and respond to ICMP messages question View Full Image . Answer 1. System 1 2. Router 1 3. Router 2 4. Router 3 5. System 2 Question 7 If "system 1" sent a packet to "system 3", what would be the destination MAC address when the packet left "system 1"? question View Full Image Answer 1. 00:00:00:00:00:01 2. 00:00:00:00:00:02 3. 00:00:00:00:00:03 4. 00:00:00:00:00:04 5. 00:00:00:00:00:05 Question 8 View Full Image If "system 1" is sending a packet to "system 3", what would the destination IP address be in the packet sent when it leaves "system 1"? Answer 1. 192.168.1.1 2. 192.168.1.10 3. 192.168.1.11 4. 192.168.2.1 5. 192.168.2.10 Question 9 1. Describe the operation of RIP. Where can problems occur with RIP on large networks? Question 10 1. What are the specific ICMP errors that are generated during a traceroute? In the diagram below, which systems would generate which messages, if the traceroute was being run from "System 1" to trace to "System 2"? question View Full ImageExplanation / Answer
1)ARP-address resolution protocol included with TCP/IP
2)TTL field
3)Apingis an ICMP packet. For comparison, web traffic or HTTP, is generally a TCP packet on port 80. A given server may be providing responses for the purpose of web traffic, but block ICMP (or be behind a firewall that blocks ICMP)
so the 1st option is correct
4)2nd option-192.168.2.1
5)255.255.240.0
9)The RIP process operates from UDP port 520; all RIP messages are encapsulated in a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) segment with both the Source and Destination Port fields set to that value. RIP defines two message types:Request messagesandResponse messages. A Request message is used to ask neighboring routers to send an update. A Response message carries the update. The metric used by RIP is hop count, with 1 signifying a directly connected network of the advertising router and 16 signifying an unreachable network.
On startup, RIP broadcasts a packet carrying a Request message out each RIP-enabled interface. The RIP process then enters a loop, listening for RIP Request or Response messages from other routers. Neighbors receiving the Request send a Response containing their route table.
When the requesting router receives the Response messages, it processes the enclosed information. If a particular route entry included in the update is new, it is entered into the route table along with the address of the advertising router, which is read from the source address field of the update packet. If the route is for a network that RIP has already entered in the table, the existing entry will be replaced only if the new route has a lower hop count. If the advertised hop count is higher than the recorded hop count and the update was originated by the recorded next-hop router, the route will be marked as unreachable for a specified holddown period. If at the end of that time the same neighbor is still advertising the higher hop count, the new metric will be accepted.
PROBLEMS:
The most important area where we find serious issues with RIP is with the basic function of the distance-vector algorithm described earlier in this section, and the way that messages are used to implement it. The are four main problems here: slow convergence, routing loops,
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