A. What is the organ indicated by the green star? (1.5 mark) B. Using anatomical

Question

A. What is the organ indicated by the green star? (1.5 mark) B. Using anatomical terms, describe the position of this organ (include in your description any 3 of the named regions of this organ) in relation to surrounding structures. (0.5 marks each for up to 3 of these organ's regions; 4 marks for complete & accurate description of position using anatomical terms- TOTAL 5.5 Marks, max 1 paragraph) C. Describe the contributions of ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm to any one organ/structure observable in the image above (TOTAL 6 Marks: 2 marks for each germ layer's contribution to specific tissues/structures within chosen organ)

Explanation / Answer

Question A

Answer : Pancreas

Question B

Answer : The head of the pancreas lie to the right side of teh midline within the concavity of the duodenum. it lies anterior to the inferior vena cava and to the right side of the aorta. the bile duct runs through its substance and emerges at the second part of the dupdenum. The neck of the pancreas links the head to the body and is the narrowest part. it lies anterior to the portal vein and the terminal part of superior mesenteric vein. the tail of the pancreas is the most lateral part and lies within the splenorenal ligament where it ends near the splenic hilum.

Question C

Answer : the duodenum has contribution from all three germs layers during its development.

Endoderm :the endoderm gives rise to the epithelium of the duodenum as well as the associated glands.

Mesoderm : the mesoderm develops into the muscle layers that are within the wall of the duodenum.

Ectoderm : the ectodermal cells which give rise to the neural crest cells give rise to the enteric nervous system.

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