Investigate your knowledge of carbohydrate, protein, and lpid metabolism by clas

ID: 3524316 • Letter: I

Question

Investigate your knowledge of carbohydrate, protein, and lpid metabolism by classifying the target-cell responses at left as an absorptive state event or a postabsorptive state event Absorptive State Postabsorptive State Event No uptake anddluconeogenesis in Increased transport of amino acids into muscle No ketone synthesis in Net proteirn No ketone synthesis in liver n iver Glucose sparing transport of amino for use by nervous acids into muscle Increased ketone and fatty acid utilzation in most Net prosein synthesis in Lipolysis irn adpose tesue uptake and uolization in most cells Net triglyceride synthésis in ad pocytes and glyoogen storage n muscle and liver Glycogenolysis in muscle and liver in iver

Explanation / Answer

Absorptive state: Absorptive state occurs just after eating meal. This absorptive state continues up to 2 to 4 h after eating meal. After 4 h absorption stops unit we eat another meal.

In this state glucose serve as primary source of energy and most of the glucose is converted into glycogen for storage. Fat and amino acids are absorbed by adipocytes in liver and muscle cells and converted into energy rich molecules. Glycogenesis, lipogenesis occur during absorptive phase.

Post absorptive state: Post absorptive state is when we do not eat and energy expenditure rate is more than energy absorption rate of cells. In this state molecules stored are used as energy source. Although glucose serve as primary source of energy but body also utilizes other sources such as fatty acids and amino acids as energy source. Lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, ketone body formation all occur during this post absorptive state. During this state glucose sparing occur as it leaves glucose to be utilized by those cells which need glucose exclusively such as neurons.

Classification of target cell response as absortive and post absorptive state

Absorptive state

Post absorptive state

Increased glycogen storage in muscle and liver

Decreased glucose uptake and utilization in most cells

No gluconeogenesis in liver

Net protein catabolism in muscles

No ketone synthesis in liver

Glucose sparing to use by nervous tissue

Increased transport of amino acids into muscle cells

Lipolysis in adipose tissues

Net protein synthesis in muscle

Glycogenolysis in muscle and liver

Increased glucose uptake and utilization in most cells

Gluconeogenesis in liver

Net triglycerides synthesis in adipocytes and liver

Increased ketone and fatty acid utilization in most cells