1. A car accident victim arrives int he emergency room. He has lost a lot of blo

Question

1. A car accident victim arrives int he emergency room. He has lost a lot of blood due to his injuries and is in hypovolemic shock.

a. How and why would this loss of blood affect his Mean Arterial Pressure and blood flow rate? Apply the formulas for the factors that affect MAP and flow rate to explain. You may want to return to the diagram provided for your assignment on blood flow to answer this question.

b. Describe two homeostatic regulatory mechanisms that would be employed by his body as he is losing blood to counteract the effects of his blood loss. Include mechanisms influencing both the heart and blood vessels when answering this question.

c. The emergency room staff have determined that he will need to be given a blood transfusion in order to save his life and restore homeostasis. His blood has been typed and he has been found to have Type AB- blood. Explain what that means in terms of antigens and antibodies. There has been a huge demand for blood supplies that day, and no Type AB- blood is available. What other blood types could be given to the patient and why?

PLEASE PROVIDE COMPLETE SENTENCE ANSWERs

Explanation / Answer

Answer_a) Blood loss /hypovolemia shock actually decreases the filling pressure of th

e circulation.This results in decreased venous return and cardiac output falls and shock may result.

As blood is pumped out of the left ventricle the Aorta and distributing arteries,pressure is generated which is normally 120/80.The mean arterial pressure(MAP) is determined is determined by Cardiac output (CO),systemic venous resistance (SVR) and central venous pressure (CVP) according to formula j

MAP=(CO*SVR)+cvp

since cvp is usually at 0mmhg.this gets simplify to MAP=(CO*SVR).therefore changes in either CO or SVR will affect MAP.Increasing CO increases MAP and Increasing SVR increases MAP.If both change reciprocally and proportionatly,then MAP will not change

Answer _b)there are many compensatory mechanisms

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