BONE TISSUE. 1. List the cells that form bone tissue. 2. What is the function of
ID: 3522117 • Letter: B
Question
BONE TISSUE. 1. List the cells that form bone tissue. 2. What is the function of the osteoblast? 3. What is the function of the osteocyte? 4. What is the function of the osteoclast? 5. Give 3 anatomical characteristics of the osteoclast. 6. List the chemical components of the bone tissue matrix? 7. What is the function of collagen in the boned matrix? 8. What is the function of the calcium salts in the bone matrix? 9. What is bone deposition? 10. What is the bone cell responsible for bone deposition? 11. What is bone resorption? 12. What is the bone cell responsible for bone resorption? 13. Why is bonce resorption necessary? In other words what would be the consequences if bone resorption did not happen?Explanation / Answer
Osteoclasts are large multinucleate cells (cells with more than one nucleus) that breaks down bone and is responsible for bone resorption. Osteoclasts make and secrete digestive enzymes that break up or dissolve the bone tissue. Osteoclasts then take up or 'absorb' the bone debris and further break it down inside the cell. The collagen is broken down into amino acids, which are recycled to build other proteins, while the calcium and phosphate are released to be used in the body.
The 3 anatomical characters of Osteoclasts are, 1. Ruffled border: Side facing bone surface.Several deep infoldings of the plasma membrane which increases surface area and resorption efficiency. 2. Resorption bays: Pits on surface of one where osteoclasts reside. . 3. Remodeling: Results from combined action of the bone-dissolving osteoclasts and the bone-depositing osteoblasts.Osteoclasts are responsible for the destruction (resorption) of matrix and the release of calcium into the bloodstream.
Bone matrix consists of organic components, mainly Type I collagen – "organic" referring to materials produced as a result of the human body – and inorganic components, primarily hydroxyapatite and other salts of calcium and phosphate.It contains about 10% and 20% water. Of its dry mass, approximately 60-70% is bone mineral. Matrix and other salts are deposited in a framework of collagen fibers, by a process called calcification.
Collagen provides integrity, firmness and elasticity to their structures. It is a protein present in all the organ and tissues and provides the matrix to sustain the body structure. Collagen's main function is to sustain tendons, skin and cartilage.
Calcium salts main function is to provide hardness and strength and to resist compression. The matrix of bone contains inorganic salts, primarily hydroxyapatite and some calcium carbonate, and collagen fibers. Calcification occurs only in the presence of collagen fibers. Mineral salts confer hardness on bone while collagen fibers give bone its great tensile strength.
Bone deposition is a crystallization process where the ions like calcium, phosphate, and others will be taken from the blood plasma and get deposited in bone tissue,as needle like crystals of hydroxyapatite. The osteoblasts secrete an organic matrix largely composed of collagen protein,it becomes hardened by deposits of hydroxyapatite by a process called bone deposition.
Osteoblasts are the cells that secrete alkaline phosphatase and causes deposition of calcium and phosphate .They produce new bone called "osteoid" which is made of bone collagen and other protein and control calcium and mineral deposition.
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