16. Arteries can constrict or dilate A. tunica intima. B. tunica media. C. tunic
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Question
16. Arteries can constrict or dilate A. tunica intima. B. tunica media. C. tunica adventitia D. tunica externa. E. tunica interna.. nee te as needed because of the smooth muscle found in the ng arteries and veins ,which of the following statements is true? A. Veins have thicker walls than arteries. B. Arteries have a thicker tunica media than veins. C. Veins have a tunica media while arteries do not. D. Arteries have valves, but veins do not. E. Arteries have smooth muscle in their walls, but veins do not. 18. Arteriosclerosis is characterized by A. a thickening of the tunica adventitia. B. increased elasticity of the tunica media. C. decreased resistance to blood flow. D. an enlargement of the lumen of the vessel. E. thickening of the tunica intima and loss of elasticity in the tunica media. 19. The first blood vessels that branch from the ascending aorta are the A. coronary arteries. B. brachiocephalic arteries. C. common carotid arteries. D. subclavian arteries E. pulmonary arteries. 20. Which of the following arteries sends branches to the stomach and liver? A. celiac artery B. superior mesenteric artery C. inferior mesenteric artery D. renal artery E. splenic arteryExplanation / Answer
Solutions
16. The correct answer is Option B – Tunica Media.
The Tunica media contains the highest number of smooth muscle fibers. It is responsible for vasodilation and vasoconstriction of arterioles, which are the smallest vessels of the arterial system.
The tunica adventitia and tunica externa are the outer layers of blood vessels, made of loose connective collagen tissues. The tunica intima or interna are the inner layers of arteries or veins.
17. The correct answer is Option B – Arteries have thicker tunica media than veins.
The arteries receive blood pumped from the heart at high pressure. To withstand this pressure, arteries require thicker and more elastic walls, as compared to veins, where the pressure is relatively lower. Option A is wrong, because arteries have thicker walls. Both arteries and veins contain tunica media, as well as smooth muscles.
18. The correct answer is Option E – Thickening of tunica intima and loss of elasticity in the tunica media.
In arteriosclerosis, fatty acid plaques deposit in the inner layer (tunica intima) of the arteries. In another variant of the disease called medical calcific sclerosis, the tunica media of the arteries have reduced elasticity due to smooth muscle destruction, and there is formation of calcium deposits.
19. The correct answer is Option B – Brachiocephalic arteries.
The brachiocephalic arteries or trunk is the first branch of the aorta. It further divides into the right subclavian artery and the right and left common carotid arteries.
20. The correct answer is Option A –Celiac artery
The celiac artery branches out from the abdominal aorta, and is responsible for supplying oxygen and nutrients to the stomach, spleen, liver, esophagus, and also parts of the pancreas and duodenum.
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