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please answer both questions. 1) When a person has diarrhea, he or she loses exc

ID: 3520045 • Letter: P

Question

please answer both questions.

1) When a person has diarrhea, he or she loses excesseive salt and water from the body. The fluid loss results in sodium depletion and dehydration. As part of the body's compensation mechanism,for each factor below indicate if: a) there is an increase b) there is no change c) there is a decrease

1a) sympathetic activity to the afferentarterioles of the nephrons

1b) renin secretion

1c) permability of distal tubule and collecting duct to water

2) A new drug called XYZ has been produced to treat a particular disease. However, the drug must be able to get into the cells of the body. Which of the following might increase the likelihood of XYZ getting through the cell membrane?

a) attach many negative ions to XYZ moleculs

b) attach fatty acids to the XYX molecules

c) atach many positive ions to the XYX moleculs

d) attach two XYZ molecules together to make the XYZ moleucles twice as large

Explanation / Answer

1a. There is increase in sympathetic activity to the afferent arterioles of nephron.

The sympthetic activity of afferent arterioles in nephrons increases to decrease blood pressure and decrease the filtrate production.

1b. There is increase in renin secretion.

Fall in Na+ concentration stimulates juxtaglomerular cells of renal cortex which produce renin.

1c. There is an increase .

Fall in water in body increases permeability of of distal tubule for water sonwater is absorbed from filtrate.

2. B. Attach fatty acids to the XYX molecules.

Fatty acid being hydrophobic can easily cross lipid bilayer.