Scenario 5: After a meal, various nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine

Question

Scenario 5: After a meal, various nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine and their blood level rises above normal. High glucose level is detected by the p-cells of pancreas, which respond by releasing a chemical messenger insulin. Insulin signals the liver to take up glucose and store it. As the result, the blood glucose concentration is returned back to the normal level. Scenario 6: Once a vessel is damaged, platelets attach to the site of damage and start releasing signaling chemicals (ex. thromboxane A). Released chemicals attract more platelets to the area. These new platelets recruit even more The platelets continue to pile up and release chemicals until a platelet plug is formed large enough to seal the damaged area.

Explanation / Answer

Answer

Senario 5

Variable - blood glucose

Receptor - beta cells of pancreas

Control center - pancreas

Effector - Liver

Feedback mechanism - Negative feedback

Senario 6

Variable - site of damage

Receptors - platelets attract to damaged blood vessel

Control center - activated platelet cells

Effector - platelet releasing chemicals TXA2.

Feedback mechanism - positive feedback mechanism

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