Insulin is the major hormone produced by the pancreatic beta cell (Islet of Lang
ID: 3518137 • Letter: I
Question
Insulin is the major hormone produced by the pancreatic beta cell (Islet of Langerhans). The main role of insulin is to regulate blood glucose. Because you are doing physiology, a relative comes to you to explain why they have been feeling unwell and suffering "funny attacks" at irregular times. The symptoms they describe to you are the following-headaches and mental confusion, tiredness and weakness, shaking and a fast heart rate. Your relative says these symptoms disappear when they eat sweets or a small snack. a) Explain in some detail what the cause of these "funny attacks" is in relation to pancreatic b) Can you give your relative some clues as to what might be happening to explain their c) What nervous system response is also involved here and are any of the symptoms being function and the action of pancreatic hormones. symptoms in relation to hormones being released from the pancreas? caused by this? their relevant mechanism of action in this scenario. (2.5 marks) (2 marks) (2 marks) (1.5 marks)Explanation / Answer
Answer a. These funny attacks are due to low blood sugar level or hypoglycemia. This is due to increased release of insulin from the pancreas. The main function of insulin is to lower down blood sugar level by making transport of glucose into liver muscle. If there is more release of insulin from the pancreas then more glucose is transported to the liver and muscle, this causes hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia disappear when glucose is taken in the form of sweets and snacks.
Answer b. As explained above,tell the patient the overactivity of pancreas and pancreatic hormone insulin that causes hypoglycemia and their presenting symptoms.
Answer c. Mental confusion and fast heart rate are nervous system responses in order to compansate the decreased blood sugar levels. Mental health is due to decresed brain activity due to decresed blood sugar. Blood sugar is the primary fuel and source of energy for almost all the organs of the body. Increased heart rate is to compansate the decreased blood sugar level.
Answer d. Apart from insulin,other pancreatic hormone includes glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. Glucagon is carbolic hormone and is work to raise the blood sugar. Somatostatin is peptide hormone and inhibit the release of insulin and glucagon. Pancreatic polypeptide is secreted by endocrine pancreas and function is to control the both parts of pancreas that is endocrine and exocrine parts both.
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