1. Distinguish between the peripheral and central chemoreceptors in terms of the

Question

1. Distinguish between the peripheral and central chemoreceptors in terms of their locations and the mechanisms by which they are stimulated

2. Define the term hypoventilation, explaining its relationship to the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood plasma.Explain why a person could have a much lower total minute volume at rest than another person, without hypoventilating

3. What happened to the total minute volume during exercise? What happened to the total minute volume right after exercise was completed? What physiological mechanisms might account for these changes?

4. Define oxygen debt, and explain the functions of the oxygen debt

5. High total minute volume during mild to moderate exercise is more accurately termed hyperpnea than hyperventilation. Distinguish between these two terms, and explain why this statement is true.

6. How might the plasma CO2 levels differ during the performance of a particular exercise in a trained versus an untrained person? Explain your answer.

Explanation / Answer

Peripheral chemoreceptors are found in aortic and carotid bodies while central chemoreceptors are found in medulla obolongata.

Peripheral chemoreceptors and central chemoreceptors primarily function to regulate respiratory activity. This is an important mechanism for maintaining arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and pH within appropriate physiological ranges.

2) hyperventilation is a condition of over breathing. It occurs when the rate or tidal volume of breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide than the body can produce.

Factors that may induce or sustain hyperventilation include physiological stress, anxiety, or panic disorder, high altitude, head injury, stroke etc.

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