Step 1: Understand the relationship of the autonomic nervous system to the body\
ID: 3515933 • Letter: S
Question
Step 1: Understand the relationship of the autonomic nervous system to the body's nervous system as a whole. Define the autonomic nervous system (ANS) Explain the relationship of the ANS to the PNS and the CNS. Summarize functions of the ANS, including the influence of the general visceral senses. Step 2: Compare the autonomic nervous system to the somatic motor system. Distinguish effectors of the ANS from the effectors of the rest of the motor (efferent) division. Compare the number of neurons in a somatic (or branchial) motor pathway to the number of neurons in an autonomic motor pathway, including location of cell bodies Distinguish preganglionic from postganglionic neurons.Explanation / Answer
Step 1-
Autonomic nervous system is the part of nervous system directed to work unconsciously and are rapid actions without any counsciousness stimulus.
We can say Autonomic nervous system is the visceral component of the nervous system which has neuron in both the CNS And PNS. It relates activity from these two with unconscious state to glands and smooth muscles and is impreesed by both CNS and PNS directly or indirectly.
ANS has two components sympathetic and parasympathetic. The sympathetic system for example works in the state of emergency and causes actions like pupilary dilation, dryness of mouth, piloerection increase in heart rate and BP, makes vigilance better, hearing reflex sharp, thus helping get out of the situation. Totally opposite actions occurs with parasympathetic system thus maintaining harmony between the two.
Step 2-
Autonomic effectors are smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and glands. The effector of somatic system are the skeletal muscles.
Number of neurons in efferent pathway of somatic system is ONE and that of ANS is TWO.
The preganglionic or the first set is located in the CNS and the post ganglionic or the second set fibres are located outside the CNS. They vary in length. Preganglionic are long in parasympathetic and short in sympathetic. Post ganglionic are short in parasympathetic and long in sympathetic.
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