Question 1 Which of these is not a function of the kidneys? The kidneys deactiva

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Question 1 Which of these is not a function of the kidneys? The kidneys deactivate vitamin D and stimulate the activity of osteoclasts. The kidneys help control the rate of red blood cell production. The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure. The kidneys regulate the composition, volume, and pH of body fluids. Question 2 The final branches of the interlobular arteries give rise to the ____ that carry blood to the nephrons. interlobar arteries arcuate arteries efferent arterioles afferent arterioles Question 3 Which force favors filtration? glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure capsular hydrostatic pressure glomerular capillary osmotic pressure Question 4 Which factor does not affect glomerular filtration rate? blood pressure hydrostatic pressure of the glomerular filtrate plasma osmotic pressure concentration of leukocytes in the blood Question 5 Juxtaglomerular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus secrete _____ when _____. angiotensin-converting enzyme; blood pressure increases potassium; chloride concentration declines renin; blood pressure drops and filtration slows atrial natriuretic peptide; blood volume drops Question 6 Tubular reabsorption is responsible for retaining nutrients the body requires. Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the ___ where microvilli, and their numerous carrier proteins, increase the surface area available for reabsorption. distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted tubule collecting duct nephron loop Question 7 Which parts of the kidney responds to antidiuretic hormone? ascending limbs of the loop of Henle descending limbs of the loop of Henle proximal convoluted tubules distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts Question 8 Peristaltic muscular contractions are important for conveying urine through the excretory system, much like peristalsis in the digestive tract. Peristalsis of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder is controlled by conscious control of the skeletal muscle sympathetic nervous impulses parasympathetic nervous impulses impulses from the cerebral cortex Question 9 In males as well as in females, the external urethral sphincter is made up of skeletal muscle, and is thus under voluntary control. Where is the external urethral sphincter located in males? within the urogenital diaphragm, surrounding the membranous urethra within the penile urethra at the external urethral orifice within the prostatic urethra Question 10 The pyramids are areas located within the ___ of the kidney. cortex pelvis capsule medulla Question 11 During filtration in the kidneys, substances move from ___ to ____. afferent arteriole to distal convoluted tubule glomerulus to collecting duct Bowman's (glomerular) capsule to glomerulus proximal convoluted tubule to loop of Henle glomerulus to Bowman's (glomerular) capsule Question 12 Place the following nephron/kidney structures in order from beginning to end: 1=Bowman's (glomerular) capsule 2=proximal convoluted tubule 3=distal convoluted tubule 4=loop of Henle 5=glomerulus 6=collecting duct 2,4,5,1,3,6 3,2,6,4,1,5 1,5,2,3,4,6 5,1,2,4,3,6 5,1,4,3,2,6 Question 13 Constriction of the afferent arteriole will lead to a(an) _____ in the glomerular filtration rate. increase decrease Question 14 Which limb of the loop of Henle is always impermeable to water? ascending descending

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1. The kidney controlling the rate of red blood cell production is not the activity of the kidney. The RBC production is governed by spleen,thymus, lymph glands, liver and the protein erythropoeitin with duodenum and jejunum also playing a part as the degradation procedure is initiated in the duodenum and jejunum.

Ans 2. The final branches of interlobular arteries give rise to the afferent arterioles which supply blood to the glomeruli.

Ans 3. Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure force favors filtration. It is the pressure exerted by the fluid on the capillary walls of the glomerulus.

Ans 4. The concentration of leukocytes does'nt effect the glomerular filtration rate as elevated levels of leukocytes only exhibit proteinuria and do not effect glomerular filtration rate.

Ans 5. Juxtaglomerular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus secrete renin when blood pressure drops.

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