QUESTION 1 Which of the following is the most important pressure moving fluid in

Question

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is the most important pressure moving fluidinto the capillary at the venous end?

capillary hydrostatic pressure

capillary colloidal osmotic pressure

interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

5 points   

QUESTION 2

A drop in systemic blood pressure would be expected to:

decrease net filtration pressure

increase net filtration pressure

have no effect on net filtration pressure

5 points   

QUESTION 3

Which of the following blood vessels have the greatest amount of smooth muscle in their walls?

capillaries

arteries/arterioles

veins/venules

they all have equal amounts of smooth muscle in their walls

5 points   

QUESTION 4

Which of the following carries blood that is under the highest pressure?

a capillary in skeletal muscle

the ulnar artery in the forearm

the internal jugular vein

all have blood under equal pressure

5 points   

QUESTION 5

Which of the following would decrease resistance to blood flow through a blood vessel?

vasoconstriction of the blood vessel

an increase in the length of the blood vessel

a decrease in the viscosity of blood flowing through the vessel

all of these would decrease resistance to blood flow

5 points   

QUESTION 6

Which type of capillary is the most porous?

fenestrated capillary

continuous capillary

sinusoid

all of these are equally porous

5 points   

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between cardiac output, vascular resistance and blood pressure?

Cardiac output and blood pressure are directly related to one another.

Cardiac output is inversely related to resistance.

Cardiac output is directly related to both resistance and blood pressure.

Cardiac output is inversely related to both blood pressure and vascular resistance.

Both a and b are correct.

None of the above is correct.

5 points   

QUESTION 8

Which of the following is important in moving blood through arteries but less important in moving blood through veins?

presence of valves

the pressure gradient of the blood

skeletal muscle contraction

breathing actions

5 points   

QUESTION 9

Vasomotor fibers that go to blood vessels

are controlled only by the sympathetic branch of the ANS

are equally controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS

are singularly controlled by the parasympathetic branch of the ANS

are totally unaffected by the ANS

5 points   

QUESTION 10

The carotid sinus baroreceptors

are examples of stretch receptors

send signals to the vasomotor center of the medulla

monitor the pressure of blood going to the brain

all are correct concerning the carotid sinus baroreceptors

5 points   

QUESTION 11

Which of the following is an effect produced by angiotensin II?

vasodilation of arterioles

increased secretion of aldosterone

stimulation of the release of ANP

all of the above are effects of angiotensin II

5 points   

QUESTION 12

Which of the following is (are) true concerning the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine?

are released from the adrenal cortex in response to signals from the parasympathetic branch of the ANS

help to increase blood pressure by producing vasodilation.

increase heart rate and contractility

both b and c are correct

5 points   

QUESTION 13

Shock that results from extreme vasodilation due to loss of vasomotor tone is referred to as _______ shock.

cardiogenic

vascular

hypovolemic

obstructive

5 points   

QUESTION 14

A blood vessel that has only a tunica interna plus scattered smooth muscle cells is most likely a

capillary

medium sized vein

small arteriole

large artery

5 points   

QUESTION 15

Which of the following systemic blood vessels contains blood that is lowest in oxygen?

veins

arteries

capillaries

oxygen levels are equal in all of these

5 points   

QUESTION 16

Which of the following is most likely to produce systemic edema?

a drop in systemic blood pressure

increased levels of plasma albumin

increased permeability of capillaries to proteins

none of these would produce edema

a.

capillary hydrostatic pressure

b.

capillary colloidal osmotic pressure

c.

interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

d.

interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

Explanation / Answer

Answers:

1) b

Since the colloidal osmotic pressure is higher(more than the capillary hydrostatic pressure) inside the capillary than in the interstitial fluid due to plasma proteins; there is a net flow of fluid from the interstitial fluid into the capillary at the venous end.

3) b

Since arteries carry blood away from the heart to the tissues, they are under high pressure therefore their walls have thick media layer of muscles.

4) b

Elastic Arteries have the highest pressures followed by muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins and venae cavae

5) c

Resistance is directly proportional to viscosity and length and inversely proportional to radius. Therefore when viscosity decreases, resistance to blood flow decreases.

6) c

Sinusoids are a type of open pore capillary which has a discontinuous basement membrane enhancing their permeability.

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