Explain what dental caries are and how they are related to periodontal disease.

Question

Explain what dental caries are and how they are related to periodontal disease.

What are the causes of dental caries? How can they be avoided?

What is sinusitis and what are the main causes? Is it usually viral or bacterial? Should antibiotics be given for sinus infections, why or why not?

Explain otitis media. Is it bacterial or viral? Who does it usually affect and what are the signs and symptoms?

Compare and contrast sensorineural hearing loss vs conductive heart loss. What are the common causes of hearing loss in children vs adults?

Explanation / Answer

The bacteria causes dental caries if left untreated laeds to pain, tooth loss and infection.Mouth contains a wide variety of oral bacteria, but a few specific species of bacteria are causes dental caries: Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus which further a causes for periodontal disease.

Mainly caused by oral bacteria . so its mendatory to maintain oral hygiene.

Sinusitis can be caused by an infection, abnormal growths in sinuses ,nasal polyps or a deviated septum.Nasal obstruction or congestion that causes difficulty breathing through nose, and pain and swelling around eyes, cheeks, nose or forehead sare the main sign and symptom.

Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes are the group of bacteria that may causes sinusitis. Yes,antibiotics should be given as that are effective treatment for sinus infection must be able to inactivate these bacterial types but long term use of antibiotics may furthur causes other problems.

Otitis media is a polymicrobial disease occurs as a complication of viral upper respiratory tract infection (URI). While viral AOM caused by respiratory virus, they increase the risk of bacterial middle ear infection and worsen clinical outcomes of bacterial AOM.

Usually its affects middle ear and fever , hearing difficulty, pain are the main sign and symptoms.

Causes of hearing loss in children is otitis media while in adults damage to the inner ear,aging and exposure to loud noise may leads to hearing loss ,which causes wear and tear on the hairs or nerve cells in the cochlea that send sound signals to the brain.

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