MUTATIONS Sometimes when DNA is copied (replicated) have the potential of being

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MUTATIONS Sometimes when DNA is copied (replicated) have the potential of being passed on to offspring and therelfore wl minor changes to a gene and therefore errors occur. We call these mutations. When these mutations occur in gametes, they goneration. Sometimes mutations caune only phenotype of an organism. But sometimes mutations can cause great changes to the gere and make only minor changes in the protein produced from tha t not be ade proten that is made from that oene. This well sikmly have great effects on the organism, since the protain wl not be able to perform its normail function. This may lead to the inheritance of a genelic diaease called a point mstation where only one base in the DNA is copiad inconectly during DNA replicatien Here is your original DNA sequence from this lab and the amino acid sequence that was translated from t HHAHARHABBR U121223 2212121212 3 33 HET THR ARG LEU ASP V SER ALA ARG GLY HIS ILE STOP a. Let's simulate a point mutation at the 24 baas. It was accidentally changed during replicasion from aG toaC Now transcribe this new DNA strand into mRNA and then ranslate it into its amine asid xeauenss 3 5 HAAAAGAABHEREHAER C A ME1L TH b. Did this change in the DNA sequence cause any significant to the protein produced? Explain 5 of 11 Developed by Kim B. Foglia www.ExploreBiology.com 02008

Explanation / Answer

6 )

b. Ans. The change in DNA sequence caused due to point mutation didnot cause any significant change to the protein production because both the codons CAG and CAC would result in the production of amino acid valine.

11)

b. Ans. YES, the change in DNA sequence caused due to Frame shift mutation has caused a significant changes to the protein produced. It is observed that the stop codon is deleted. Because of the absence of this stop codon, the m-RNA will be degraded and protein will not be synthesised.

c. Ans. Deletion or insertion near the begining of the gene would result in the complete change in amino acid sequence. If deletion or insertion is towards the end of the gene, it might not impact the 3D structure of the protein. If the same insertion is towards the end and that point is the active site of the protein then that change would be a significant one.

So, it may be concluded that it depends on the site of insertion and most likely when it is inserted or deleted near the begining will definitely cause a major change

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