BIO 201 Lab 2, Histology and Integumentary Trachea From Supplemental Sd osated L
ID: 3507757 • Letter: B
Question
BIO 201 Lab 2, Histology and Integumentary Trachea From Supplemental Sd osated Lobel: Apicol (Free) Surface Epithelial Cells Membrane Nucleus From Microscope Slide Epthelium, GLANDULAR) Glandular (Stratified Cuboidal/ Columnar) ober (Free Epither From Microscope Slide (E pithelium, Transitional) Urinary Transitional) Label: Apicol (Freej Surfuce EpitheWa Cells Membrone Nucleus EXERCISE QUESTIONS: A) Which type(s) of epithelial cells have a basal lamina? B) Where are epithelial tissues found in the body? C) Why are ciliated epithelial cells important? LAB 2: HISTOLOGY&INTEGUMENTARY;Explanation / Answer
A) The basal lamina (lamina - layers) is a specialised form of extracellular matrix. The basal lamina can be organised in three ways:
1. it can surround cells (for example muscle fibres have a layer of basal lamina around them);
2. it lies underneath sheets of epithelial cells
3. it separates two sheets of cells, such as the endothelial cells of blood vessels and epithelial cells of another tissue. This type of arrangement is found in the kidney glomerulus, where the basal lamina acts as a permeability barrier or sieve.
The basal lamina, a thin, planar assembly of extracellular matrix proteins, supports all epithelia, muscle cells, and nerve cells outside the central nervous system. This two-dimensional network of protein polymers forms a continuous rug under epithelia and a sleeve around muscle and nerve cells. In addition, basal laminae can act as semipermeable filters for macromolecules, a particularly important role that they play in the conversion of blood plasma into urine in the kidney. The genes for basal lamina components are very ancient, having arisen in early metazoans.
In electron micrographs of thin sections of tissues prepared by chemical fixation, the basal lamina is a homogenous, finely fibrillar material close to the plasma membrane. Collagens type VI, VII, XV, and XVIII connect the lamina to the underlying connective tissue. The basal lamina and associated collagen fibrils form the “basement membrane” that is observed in histologic preparations of epithelia.
B) Epithelium (epi- + thele + -ium) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs throughout the body. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.
Epithelial tissue is a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity. Two forms occur in the human body:
C) Ciliated epithelial cells one of the cellular appendages that makes up the microtubules and is important for motion. They are found in many cells of the body, including the epithelial cells that line the airways of the respiratory system. Cilia move rhythmically; they beat constantly, moving waste materials such as dust, mucus,and bacteria upward through the airways, away from the lungs and toward the mouth.Ciliated epithelium lines the ventricles of the brain where it helps circulate thecerebrospinal fluid. Also, beating cilia on cells in the female fallopian tubes move egg cells from the ovary towards the uterus.
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