Which of the following solutions has the highest osmolarity? (Keep track of unit
ID: 3507142 • Letter: W
Question
Which of the following solutions has the highest osmolarity? (Keep track of units!)
A. 2mOsmglucose
B. 2mMNaCl
C. 3mOsmMgCl2
D. 1mMUrea
Which of the following statements regarding primary active transport is TRUE?
A. Primary active transport hydrolyzes ATP to pump molecules against their concentration
gradient.
B. Primary active transport facilitates the movement of solutes down a concentration gradient.
C. The sodium potassium ATPase pumps3 Na+ ions into the cell and 2K+ ions out of the
cell.
D. Primary active transports capture the energy lost from Na+ moving down its
concentration gradient in order to move other solutes against their concentration gradient.
A red blood cell is placed into a solution containing 300mM urea and 300mM NaCl. What is the most likely outcome from this experiment? (Keep track of units!)
A. The cell will swell
B. The cell will shrink
C. The cell will not change size
Which of the following statements regarding phospholipids is TRUE?
A. The polar heads of the phospholipids increase ion permeability through the plasma
membrane.
B. The fatty acid tails of a phospholipid prefer to interact with the aqueous compartments
within the cell.
C. Phospholipids are made up of a non-polarhead ,3 fatty acid tails and a glycerol
backbone.
D. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules.
Molecule A is non-polar, lipid soluble and small. How does ‘Molecule A’ move across the plasma membrane?
A. Facilitate ddiffusion
B. Primary active transport
C. Secondary active transport
D. Simple diffusion
Explanation / Answer
ANSWER 1:
Osmolarity is the concentration of any solution when one osmole of compound dissolve in one liter of solvent and if any solution has molarity (2M) then osmolarity of the same solution would be double of molarity (4 OsM). Hence, osmolariy of 2mM NaCl would be highest (4 mOsm) among all the given compounds.
ANSWER 2:
In Primary Active transport, the transportation of any molecule against concentration gradient perform by the use of energy that derived directly from breackdown of ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate). Hence, option (A) is the correct regarding primary active transport.
ANSWER 3:
If a red blood cell is placed in a solution of any chemical compound then shrinking and swelling of cell is depend on the difference of pressure gradient (tonicity) that arise due to concentration of solution. if a red blood cell is placed in solution of 300 mM urea and 300 mM of NaCl that is hypertonic to the solution of cell (0.9 % NaCl). Hence, the cytoplasm drains out from the cell and red blood cell would shrink.
ANSWER 4 :
Phospholipids are termed as 'Amphipathic molecules' generally. Because phospholipids are made up of Hydrophilic (water-loving) polar head that composed by negatively charged phosphate group and non-polar end or tails that made of hydrophobic (water-fearing) nature. Hence, due to presence of both the type of antagonistic properties these are amphipathic.
ANSWER 5:
The non-polar molecules those are hydrophobic but lipid soluble can move across a plasma membrane without any need of energy. hence, it is done passively via simple diffusion.
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