: UNIT 2 I lntroduction to the Ogan Systems PART Il. Putting It All Together A.

Question

: UNIT 2 I lntroduction to the Ogan Systems PART Il. Putting It All Together A. Review Questions Answer the notes. e following questions using your lecture notes, your textbook, and/or your lab 1. Briefly describe exam e one example of how the circulatory, respiratory, and digestive systems work together to maintain homeostasis 2. Briefly describe one example of how the nervous,endocrine, and circuliatory systems work together to maintain homeostasis. regulated primarily by parathyroid hormone (PTH) released by the parathyroid gland. PTH stimu lates certain bone cells to break down bone, the small intestine to absorb more calcium from the diet, and the kidneys to reabsorb more calcium from the blood. As a result of these actions, blood calcium levels rise, and PTH release is then inhibited 3. Calcium ions play a major role in many physiological events, A decline in blood calcium levels is a. List three organ systems involved in the maintenance of blood calcium levels, and state the role of each organ system in the process. b. Is blood calcium regulation an example of negative feedback control or positive feedback control? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

Ans1. Circulatory , digestive and respiratory system works together to maintain the homeostasis. The respiratory system dissovle the fresh oxygen into the blood in the lungs, and the digestive system dissolve the nutrient materials for all the cell ,tissue and organ of the body which are transported to them via blood or the circulatory system. In exchange the respiratory system give carbon dioxide to blood from the cells and the digestive system give many waste products which are extracted by the circulatory system from the body . Hence they works together to maintain the homeostsis. Here we can say that the circulatory system and the respiratory system work together to exchange the gases to maintain the homeostasis. And the digestive and circulatory system work together in nutrient exchange to maintain the homeostasis. Hence the works together.

Ans.2. Nervous , endocrine and the circulatory system also work together to maintain the homeostasis. The endocrine gland secretes the chemical substances called as the hormones which travelled through the circulatory system to the target organ and maintain the homeostasis. The endocrine and the circulatory system together control the process that maintain the homeostasis. Temperature homeostasis is maintained by the joint action of endocrine , nervous, and circulatory system. Because all the hormones and nerve signal depend on the circulatory system for conduction.

Ans . 3. A. Three system involved in the maintenance of the blood calcium level are:-

1. Skeletal system.

2 Nervous system.

3 . Excretory system.

Skeletal system store the calcium in the body in the bones. When the blood calcium level is so high the osteoclast cell start degenerating to maintain the blood calcium level and maintenance the homeostasis.

Endocrine system especially parathyroid and thyroid gland elp in maintaing the blood calcium level. Parathyroid gland secretes the hormone known as parathormone when blood calcium level is low in the body. This hormone stsrt the degenration of bones. When the blood calcium level become high then thyroid gland secretes the calcitonin enzymes.

Excretory syatem also help in reabsorption of the calcium from the waste material hence maintaing the blood calcium level. Vitamin D and digestive system also play role by absorbing calcium in small intestine .

Ans b.It is an example of negative feedback control. When the blood calcium level is less , then the parathyroid gland secretes the hormone parathormone, which increase its absorption from the small intestine and by the excretory system. It also activate the vitamin D . When blood calcium level is high the its secretion is inhibited , so it is example of negative feedback control.

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