Using the diagram below as a reference, answer the following questions (we will
ID: 3505693 • Letter: U
Question
Using the diagram below as a reference, answer the following questions (we will not do the pH experiment; you should be familiar with the difference between acids and bases) b) a. Which of the following contains the greatest concentration of free hydrogen in solution? b. Which of the following contains the greatest concentration of OH in solution? c. Define buffer: d. Which item on the chart would serve to buffer both acidic and basic solutions? Mik. Pure wader gog ehile Househdls Household Breas, salva blsck (6.3-6.6) 70 80 95) ammonia vinegar Bananas ee (10.5-110) Gasic juice(24-35) tomatoes (5.0 (09-30 Lemon Oven dleaner. ye 134 (47) 1 M sodum 23) hydroxide (14) 1 M (0) 12 Neutra 13 14Explanation / Answer
Introduction:-
Solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration ( pH) relative to pure water .The pH scale is range for different solutions from 0 to 14, Anything below 7.0 is acidic, and anything above 7.0 is alkaline, or basic.
Acid is any substance that release free hydrogen ions when dissolved in pure water whereas base or alkali is any substance that release hydroxide ions in pure water. Stronger acids have greater concentration of hydrogen ions and lower pH value. Stronger bases have greater concentration of hydroxide ions and higher pH value.
a. Which of the following contains the greatest concentration of free hydrogen in solution ?
Answer:- 1M hydrochloric acid with 0 pH contains the greatest concentration of free hydrogen in solution as it is strongest acid among all mentioned items.
b. Which of the following contains the greatest concentration of OH in solution?
Answer:- 1 M sodium hydroxide with pH 14 contains the greatest concentration of OH in solution as it is strongest base among all among all mentioned items.
c. Define buffer.
Answer:- Buffers is a chemical solution that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of a strong acid or a strong base are added and made up of mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a mixture of a weak base and its conjugate acid).
d. Which item on the chart would serve to buffer both acid and basic solutions?
Answer:- Household bleach that contains Sodium hypochlorite ( NaClO )is the common component which has strong base (Na+ from NaOH) and weak acid (ClO- from HClO) would serve to buffer both acid and basic solutions.
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