You will learn that when blood CO2 levels rise (or blood O2 levels drop signific

Question

You will learn that when blood CO2 levels rise (or blood O2 levels drop significantly), then your respiratory rate and depth will increase and blood gas levels will return to normal. You will also learn that the moment you begin to exercise, your respiratory rate and depth also will increase simultaneously. Can you guess what kind of control is involved in each example?

A. In the first case, closed loop, negative feedback; and in the second case, closed loop, positive feedback.

B. In both cases, closed loop, negative feedback.

C. In the first case, closed loop, negative feedback and in the second case, feed-forward (open loop).

D. In both cases, open loop with positive feedback.

Please explain!! I have a hard time understanding this concept. Thank you!

Explanation / Answer

The correct option should be b) both the cases,closed loop and negative feedback.

As we know that if body needs feedback it is closed loop system,if it needs no feedback it is open loop system.

In case of respiration,body needs feedbacks in the form of pH,or pO2 or pCO2 etc,so breathing is a closed loop system.

Now,they both come under negative feedback.

In first case,when there is increased pCO2 due to increased CO2 in the blood,pH will be lowered which will be sensed by chemoreceptors present in the brain ,they will send signals to the integrating hub from where signals will be transmitted to the effectors and blood levels of CO2 will be normalised anad return to the normal.When blood levels return to normal the feedback mechanism will be stopped.

In second case,during exercise,need of oxygen requirement increases and as muscles works up,metabolic pathways produces CO2,there is increase in pCO2 and decrease in pO2 which stimulate the brain.

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