EXERCISE 23 REVIEW SHEET Name Lab Section Date Cardiovascular Physiology 1. Why

Question

EXERCISE 23 REVIEW SHEET Name Lab Section Date Cardiovascular Physiology 1. Why is it important for the walls of large arteries to have an abundant supply of elastic fibers? QUESTIONS 2-9: Match the term in column A with the appropriate description in column B A. 2. Systolic pressure a Instrument used to measure blood pressure b. The minimum pressure in the aorta during the cardiac cycle c. Sounds of turbulent blood flow that can be heard while 3. Sphygmomanometer 4. Heart sounds 5. Diastolic pressure 6. Cardiac cycle 7. Stethoscope 8. Korotkoff sounds 9. Pulse measuring blood pressure d. Instrument used for hearing heart sounds e. The maximum pressure in the aorta during the cardiac cycle f. Series of events that occur in the heart during one heartbeat B. Sounds that are produced when the heart valves close h. Cyclic expansion and contraction of the arteries d pressure at rest is 125/75. After 30 minutes of exercise, her blood pressure is 190/80 a. Calculate her pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest and after exercise. b. How did her pulse pressure and MAP change after exercise c. During exercise, why do you think there is a large increase in systolic pressure, but very little change in diastolic pressure EXERCISE 23 Cardiovascular Physiology 431

Explanation / Answer

1. Arteries supply blood from the heart to all the body parts. Hence blood flow with a high pressure. In order to maintain constant pressure of blood flow, arterial walls are made of elastic fibres. In case of high blood pressure, arteries can dilate and reduce the increased blood pressure and when blood pressure is low, arteries can constrict and increase the blood pressure.

2. e-the maximum pressure in the aorta during a cardiac cycle is systolic pressure.

3 . a- Sphygmomanometer is the instrument used to record blood pressure that is both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

4. g- Tricuspid and bicuspid valve closure produce sounds called heart sounds

5. b. Diastolic pressure is the minimum pressure in the aorta during the cardiac cycle

6. f. Cardiac cycle includes all the sequences that take place during a heart beat

7. d. stethoscope placed on the chest and is used to hear the heart beats

8. c. Korotkoff sounds are the sound that are produced by the blood during blood pressure recording. These sounds can be heard using stethoscope.

9. h. Pulse is the palpitation produced due to contraction and expansion of the arteries.

10. a) Pulse pressure is defined as the difference between the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

at rest, the blood pressure recorded was 125/75.

the systolic blood pressure is 125mm Hg and diastolic bllod pressure is 75 mm Hg.

Pulse pressure at rest is equal to systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure

i.e, 125-75 = 50 mm Hg

after exercise, the blood pressure is 190/80

here, the systolic blood pressure is 190 mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure is 80 mm Hg

pulse pressure = 190-80 =110 mm Hg

Hence pulse pressure at rest is 50 mm Hg and at exercise is 110mm Hg

                  

MAP- Mean Arterial Pressure is average pressure with which blood flow in the arteries in one cardiac cycle.it can be calculated by the following formula

Mean arterial pressure = [ systolic blood pressure + 2( diastolic blood pressure)] / 3

at rest , the systolic blood pressure is 125 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure is 75 mm Hg

hence MAP is [125 + 2 (75)]/3 = [125+150]/3 = 275/3 = 91.67

after execise, the systolic blood pressure is 190 and diastolic blood pressure is 80mm Hg

MAP is [190 + 2(80)]/3 = [ 190+ 160]/ 3 = 350/ 3 = 116.67

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