Spontaneous Recovery 3. Conditioned Emotional Reactions- The case of Little Albe

Question

Spontaneous Recovery 3. Conditioned Emotional Reactions- The case of Little Albert, 4. Applications: * Accounting for Taste. *Accounting for smell *Accounting for phobias. * Accounting for Traits in People. C] Operant Conditioning [O.C.]: 1. Thorndike's Law of Effect 2. B.F. S 3. Reinforcement. 4. Punishment. 5. Shaping 6. Behavior Modification. 7. Punishment. kinner's operant conditioning . DI Observational Learning : Albert Bandura 1. Imitating the actions of others 2. Applications of Observational Learning Assignment: Q.1. Systematically explain the process and principles of Classical conditioning

Explanation / Answer

Classical conditioning is one of the earliest learning theories introduced by Russian Psychologist Ian Pavlov. He experimented classical conditioning using his dogs. It's about making a conditional stimulus associated to an unconditional stimulus thus making the organism to respond to the stimulus unknowingly. Pavlov used bell as the conditional stimulus and food as the unconditional stimulus. Every time he brought the food for the dog, he rang the bell. The dog associated the bell to the food thus every time the bell rang, the dog started salivating. What was considered as conditional stimulus became a unconditioned stimulus and it was associated with the food.
There are four important things in classical conditioning, unconditional stimulus and unconditional response. This is innate and natural where no learning happened. In the second stage conditional stimulus no response but when the conditional stimulus is associated with the unconditional stimulus, the organism exhibits a conditional response. In the final stage the conditional stimulus becomes unconditional stimulus and elicits unconditional response. In the example of Pavlov's dog experiment, the started thinking that whenever the bell rang it's going to get food. Classical conditioning occurs at every stage of one's life. One example is that when one walks in the dark and come across some thing that scared one, one would associate darkness with fear.

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