1. Forced displacement and isolation proved to be central mechanisms in New Worl
ID: 3502590 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Forced displacement and isolation proved to be central mechanisms in New World enslavement of Africans. What are some other factors that explain why they were enslaved? 2. On the north American mainland, how and why did African slavery become so important in southern colonies and states? 3. By what means did African American slaves seek survival and liberation? 4. Slaves and free blacks' actions propelled the issues that culminated in the Civil War and Thirteenth Amendment. Do you agree or disagree? Provide evidence for your position. 5. Annually, thousands of Americans visit the African diaspora landmark on the Island of Goree, Dakar, Senegal. Discuss the pros and cons of having a national slavery monument or museum in America.Explanation / Answer
1.The earliest slaves appeared in America in the early 1500s. Spanish settlers had enslaved Native Americans, but their population dropped by as much as 50 to 90 percent as a result of disease, harsh treatment and fighting, according to the University of Houston's "Digital History" website. The Spanish began using African slaves by the middle of the 16th century to meet their demands for labor instead. When British settlers arrived in America, most of them relied on indentured servitude rather than African slave labor. However, they, too, began purchasing African slaves as their demand for labor outpaced their supply. Channels of wealth flowing from the New World to the Old were based largely on the cultivation of crops like sugar, tobacco, and coffee. These crops figured importantly in European rituals of conspicuous consumption. Profits for a plantation owner depended on the number of labourers he controlled. The key to wealth for plantation owners was employing many labourers, while keeping costs low. Free European labourers demanded high wages. In the long run, the cost of enslaved labourers was lower. The African slave market was more convenient and cost-effective, compared to warring with tribes and trying to enslave a people that would either die quickly in bondage, or could escape more readily. African slaves, once brought to the Americans, were presumed to have slave status by the nature of their racial identity. Thus, it was easier to maintain the perpetual slave status of Blacks. There were few places an escaped Black slave could run and hide out, and nowhere to effectively maintain this freedom for any length of time. In the notorious triangular trade, ships departed from Bristol, Liverpool and other ports in England carrying trade goods, such as beads, cloth and guns, to West Africa, where they exchanged their goods for enslaved Africans who were then transported to the Caribbean, South America, and American colonies to work on the plantations. The vessels returned home with sugar, tobacco and cotton, the produce of the enslaved workforce. Before 1820, more than 80% of the people arriving in the New World were enslaved Africans. It is estimated that 12 million enslaved Africans were transported to the Americas. Due to time limit,remaining questions can be asked as another question,they will be answered,thankyou for your cooperation.
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