C-101-W08> Assignments>Chapter 2 Written Reflection Chapter 2 Written Reflection
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C-101-W08> Assignments>Chapter 2 Written Reflection Chapter 2 Written Reflection Due Sunday by 11.59pm Points 10 Submitting a text entry box Available Jun 29 at 12:01am- Jul 9 at 8am 10 days have described the human nervous system as the communication and control center for the body. The nervous system allows us to take in information from the evironment communicate the information to different parts of the body, and each other by receiving and nervous system. Think about a simple action you do every day. like answering your phone. When you perform this routine act, what are the individual neurons in your nervous system doing to make it possible? e the body's response. The nervous system itself is made up of neurons, or nerve cells, that communicate with electrochemical signals, called neurotransmission. All human behavior is made possible by the activity of individual neurons working together in the essay, explain how the activity of individual neurons enables you to perform a simple action like answering your phone. Be sure to describe the main parts of a neuron explain the unique function of each part, and describe how neurons use electrochemical signals for nervous system to support your discussion Include details from class materials, readings, and research on the Details Enors in mechanics male the ducunsion 10 pts Noticeable prob 10 pts Minor gammar ad pelling enors uses standard English grammar andExplanation / Answer
Main Parts of a Neuron.
Neuron is the structural as well as the functional unit of the nervous system. It differ widely in sizee and shape. A vertebrate motor neuron consists of a cell body which encloses a large and spherical nucleus and other typical cell organelles. Cell Organelles include Mitochondria, Golgi complex, Lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Cell body consists of two organelles and they are nissl bodies and neuro fibrils. Nissl bodies of granuels of RNA which are the sites of protein synthesis. The neuro fibrils are reticular network and respond to micro tubules in other cells.
The other part of Neuron include Dentrites. These are afferent processes that carry impulses towards the cell body. They are short and higly branched and some of their finer branches may be studded with minute spine like projections.
Axon or Nerve Fiber : It is an efferent process which coduct impulses which carry impulses away from the cell body to another neuron. It possess side branches known as Collaterals. Axon is made up of a central core of protoplasm known as the axoplasm which is surrounded by the plasma membrane. Axon is covered by a thick layer of fatty substance known as myelin sheat and a membrance call neurellama. These are interrupted at regular intervals calle nodes of ranvier. The terminal part of axon contains a number of fine branches called telodendria. Telodendria conatains knob like extension known as terminal buttons.
Functions of Parts
On basis of function neurons can be divided to sensory neuron, motor neuron and inter neuron. The sensory neuron receive signal from the environment and transmit information to the brain and spinal cord. The motor neuron condcut messages from brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands. The inter neuron takes the role of connecting the sensory and motor neuron and tranmsit impluses back and forth between the neurons.
On the basis of function Axon or nerve fibre is dvided in to Sensory nerve fibre and motor nerve fibre. The sensory nerve fibre tranmsit messages from the peripheral receptors to centers in the central nervous sytems. The motor nerve fibres carry messages from the central nervous system to the receptors.
Myelin Sheat form an insulation coat around the axon for preventing the distribution of impulses to adjacent neurons. They neutritive cells suplying the axon with food and other growth factors. It is also a means of enhancing the rate of conduction of nerve inpulses.
Neurotranmission through electrochemical signals
Nerve impulse is a message carried by a neuron. The function of the neuron is the propogation of nerve impulse. The electrical changes are accompanied by nerve impulses. Hence the impulse is considreed to be an electric current and the nerve is compared to a conductor like a piece of copper wire.
The cell membrance bears an electric charge in a resting neuron. Usually the external surface of the membrane is positively charged and inner surface is negatively charged. The positively charged side of the mebrane can be compard to a positive terminal of a dry battery and a negatively charged side of the membrane can be compared to negative terminal. The membrane will have a differential charge due to the differential distribution of charge on its two sides called resting membrane potential. Potassium ions acumulate inside the membrane and the sodium ions outside the membrance. When an neuron is stimulated the permeability properties of the membrane changes. The sodium ions diffuse in to the membrane where as potassium ions duiffuse out which is relatively as slow process. Hence there is a net positive charge in the cell and a momentary reversal of polarity which is called depolarization. At this point premeability characteristics of membrane return to normal and sodium is pumped out and potassium accumulate inside. This recovery is called repolarization. This momentary depolarization and repolarization causes an action potential which lasts for 1 ms. This action potential is a nerve signal which is transmitted from one part of the neuron to another. The process is repeated again and again successively in the adjacent regions and thus the action potential or nerve impulse is propagated along a nreve. This is how neuro tranmission occurs.
Answering your phone
The Ring of the phone is received by the ear. The sensory neurons of the ear receive the stimuli from the environment and convert it to nerve impulses. The Dendrites of the sensory neuron transmits it to the cell body and the axon conduct these signals away from the cell body and pass on to another neuron. Finally it reaches the brain and spinal cord. Brain preceives it as a phone call and these messages in the form of nreve impulses are received the dendrites of the motor neuron and it passes through the cell body and reaches the axon. Axon conduts these impulses to the glands and muscles of the body by which the phone can be lifted.
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