44) Through random assignment, researchers can be relatively sure that A) differ

Question

44) Through random assignment, researchers can be relatively sure that A) differences in participants' across conditions B) participants come from a diverse population C) the experiment has external validity D) there is no experimenter bias personalities or backgrounds are distributed evenly Milgram studies, making the "learner" (i.e. the person who is supposedly getting shocked) further away from the participant A) makes people less likely to administer shocks B) makes people more likely to administer shocks C) does not change the likelihood that people will administer shocks D) makes the participant want to party 46) An experiment with variable, and no other variable, affects the dependent variable demonstrates that only the independent A) external validity B) internal validity C) psychological realism D) a confound 47) A team of researchers wants to test the hypothesis that drinking wine makes people like jazz more. They randomly assign college students who are 21 or over to one room in which they will drink wine and listen to jazz or to another room in which they will drink water and listen to jazz. It happens that the "wine room" has a big window with nice scenery outside, whereas the "water room" is windowless, dark, and dingy. The most serious flaw in this experiment is that it A) is low in external validity. 2 B) is low in internal validity. C) did not randomly select the participants from all college students in the country. D) is low in psychological realism. 48) People increase their "belief in a just world" (i.e. people get what they deserve) because A) of their motivation to strengthen their support for authority B) of their motivation to improve their decision-making C) of their motivation to resolve their anxiety around the uncertainty of life events they cannot control D)Kof their motivation to conform via normative social influence

Explanation / Answer

44)

Ans: A

Justification:

45)

Ans: A

46)

Ans: D) a confound

Justification:

In statistics, a confounder (also confounding variable or confounding factor) is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable causing a spurious association. Confounding is a causal concept, and as such, cannot be described in terms of correlations or associations.

48)

Ans: C

Justification:

This fact is apparently clear.

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