Describe the Ainsworth Strange Situation. What are the 4 different attachment ty
ID: 3488163 • Letter: D
Question
Describe the Ainsworth Strange Situation. What are the 4 different attachment types discussed? (4points) List 2 gross motor skills and 2 fine motor skills that develop during infanoy. Around which month do these skills typically develop? (2points) List one methodological approach to examining infant development. Give an example of how a researcher may be able to use this method to learn more about the infants' development (3points). What is prelinguistic communication? Give an example. (1point Explain how our cuiture and society plays a role in our development. You can pick a particular area of development (e.g., gender, language, motor, social) to discuss. Use examples from the text or from your own personal experience. (5points)Explanation / Answer
1) Ainsworth, developed a procedure for observing and assessing the quality of attachment in relationships between a caregiver and child. She called this procedure the Strange Situation.
In this procedure the child is observed playing for twenty minutes while caregivers and strangers enter and leave the room, recreating the flow of the familiar and unfamiliar persons in the lives of most children. The arranged sequence of events is as follows:
Two aspects of the child's behavior are observed:
2) Different attachment types:
On the basis of their behavior, children are categorized into three groups:
Successful outcomes are defined as
Unsuccessful outcomes are defined as
Secure Attachment: A child who is securely attached to its caregiver will explore freely while the caregiver is present, will engage with strangers, will be visibly upset when the caregiver departs, and happy to see the caregiver return.
The child will not engage with the stranger if the caregiver is not in the room.
Anxious-Ambivalent Insecure Attachment: A child with an anxious-resistant attachment style is anxious of exploration and of strangers, even when the caregiver is present. When the caregiver departs, the child is extremely distressed. The child will be ambivalent when she returns and will seek to remain close to the caregiver, but will be resentful, and also resistant when the caregiver initiates attention.
Anxious-Avoidant Insecure Attachment: A child with an anxious-avoidant attachment style will avoid or ignore the caregiver and show little emotion when the caregiver departs or returns. The child will not explore very much, regardless of who is there. Strangers will not be treated very differently from the caregiver. There is not much emotional range displayed regardless of who is in the room or if it is empty.
2) Gross motor skills: Gross motor skills allow children to control those body movements that require the use of large muscles in the legs, arms, and torso.
Examples: hanging, balancing, pulling, rolling.
3) Fine motor skills are achieved when children learn to use their smaller muscles, like muscles in the hands, fingers, and wrists.
Example: writing, holding small items, buttoning clothing, turning pages, eating, cutting with scissors, and using computer keyboards.
4)
0–3 Months
3–6 Months
6–9 Months
9–12 Months
6) Looking and listening-in’: a methodological approach to generating insights into infants' experiences of early childhood education and care settings.
Example: In a research, we can describe an observational approach, ‘looking and listening-in,’ that we can use to try to understand the experience of an infant in a day-care home. The drawns from a larger study of infants' experiences of early childhood education and care settings. In keeping with the mosaic methodology of the larger study, ‘looking and listening-in’ encompasses constructs drawn from diverse (phenomenological, socio-cultural, social cognition) theoretical perspectives. In the context in which we are using it, looking and listening-in has dual utility: as a methodological approach for helping us to edge closer to understanding the infant's experience, and as a way of describing how the infant made meaning of his experience. The infant's looking and listening-in is illustrated and analysed through a visual narrative.
7) Long before children learn language, they communicate with gestures, vocalizations, facial expressions, and body language. This is known as prelinguistic(prior to language) communication. It may also be referred to as presymbolic or nonsymbolic communication.
Example: Gazing, paying attention towards an object, pointing.
8) Role of culture and society in our development:
Example: impact of media on youth culture:
Mass media today has many forms ranging from electronics media( t.v. blogs, social networking websites), print media(books, magazines, newspapers) . Today our television is a host to hundrends of channels that broadcast features rranging from daily soaps to reality shows to cartoons. Today's youth are spoilt for choice. Most of the content that is broadcast on television today does nothing to increase the creative input of our youth.
News channels are more interested in focussing on sleazy news that sells, propogating gossips, violence, aggression, substance abuse as fashion, encouraging cursing(F word as cool!), catfights etc.
The fact that one of the highest read blogs in the world is about adventures of a blue collar female worker who states she is a flesh worker by night, gives a fair sketch of the morals and values being imparted to the youth of the society today.
Its only when disasters happen, human help each other and seek humanity. Or else, they are busy with screen sharing and getting" likes". The humanity within us is fading away slowly.
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