organ transplantation procedures. 1. Describe how and why both types of adaptive
ID: 3484211 • Letter: O
Question
organ transplantation procedures.
1. Describe how and why both types of adaptive immunity can cause problems with organ transplantation.
2. Discuss how the body works to recognize your own cells and to differentiate them from foreign body cells.
3. Describe two of the four varieties of grafts (autografts, isografts, allografts, and xenografts) and the steps taken to lessen graft rejections.
4. Research “skin cell gun.” Explain what this experimental device can do. Describe how this may change how we treat second and third-degree burns.
5. Describe one other experimental stem cell technique currently being used in organ transplantation.
6. What is your personal opinion on individuals using their own stem cells to speed healing and recovery times after an injury?
Explanation / Answer
1.
Cellular adaptive immunity may cause acute cellular rejection. Humoral immunity mediates hyperactive rejection and acute vascular rejection. Both types of immunity may be involved in chronic graft rejection.
2.
Immune system distinguishes self from foreign tissue by central tolerance, by eliminating T and B lymphocytes that recognise self antigens, during development in the thymus and bone marrow. These cells do not develop into fully immunocompetent cells. The foreign cells bearing non-self antigens induce the T and B cells to mount immune reaction.
3.
Autograft – the donor and the recipient are the same individual
Isograft – the donor and the recipient are from the same species
4.
Skin cell guns spray aqueous solution of the skin cells, isolated from the patient himself, on to the burn areas.
Mostly it is used in second degree burns.
Its use in third degree burns is the future area of research.
It can reduce healing time, risk of infection, and is quick, painless, looks natural and causes a lot less scarring than traditional methods such as skin grafting.
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