Name all the structures and functions as blood goes through the afferent arterio
ID: 3483777 • Letter: N
Question
Name all the structures and functions as blood goes through the afferent arteriole until it becomes urine; know what is filtered, reabsorbed, secreted and where; where does it reabsorbed to or secreted from and if it is unfiltered where does it go; how does the juxtaglomerular apparatus work; how does the countercurrent exchange work and how is that different from the countercurrent multiplier; how does the micturition reflex work; which hormones will do what and act on where; how does acid/base get regulated
Explanation / Answer
Blood from afferent arteriole passes through the filtration membrane and filters into Bowman's space.
In Bowman's space glomerular filtrate is formed which enters into the proximal convoluted tubules.
PCT reabsorbs all nutrinets and ions like sodium, potassiumn,chloride, water, glucose , aminoacids and secrete hydrogen ions.
DCT reabsorbs sodium, calcium, magnesium and secrete potassium and hydrogen ions.
absorption occurs to peritubular capillaries whereas the secretion occurs from peritubular capillaries into the tubules.
Some substances which are not filtered across the filtration membrane enters into efferent arteriole.
Juxta glomerular apparatus sense the sodium ion concentration in blood and accordingly it regulates glomerular filtrate formation by constricting and dilating the afferent arteriole.
the fluid formed enter the counter current mechanism which maintains the osmolarity of body fluids. This is because of the structure loop of henle
Counter current multiplier multiplies the gradient formed by Loop of Henle and maintains it.
once the urine is formed it is collected in urinary bladder and stored. once it reaches the physiological capacity of 600ml the pressure is built up.micturition reflex causes contraction of detrusor muscle and inhibition of internal sphincter and thereby aids in micturition.
Hormones like ADH acts on DCT and collecting duct and its function is to cause facultative reabsorption of water. aldosterone helps in reabsorption of sodium from DCT.
Acid base balance is regulated by excreting hydrohen ions in the urine and there by maintained.
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