6 A 2S-year-old man took a severe blow to the head. He is rushed to a neurologis

Question

6 A 2S-year-old man took a severe blow to the head. He is rushed to a neurologist and undergoes a series of test. For one particular test, the doctor spins the patient in a chair counter clockwise. The when the chair is stopped thus showing a normal reflex. When the doctor first asks him if he is okay, the patient can't hear him. When the doctor yells "ARE YOU OKAY?" the patient replies yes calmly patient's eyes are rapidly moving side to side .What is most likely damaged and why? Explain how normal hearing is accomplished. graph below and use it to help with your reasoning. Stimulus Intensity For the following drugs, list what special sense it would alter and why a. Vinpocetine: increases cGMP b. Tolbutamide: closes potassium leak channels C. EHNA: inhibits adenylate cyclase d Lidocaine: inhibits sodium leak channels e. Ziconotide: inhibits voltage gated calcium channels

Explanation / Answer

A)The test done here is called a Rotary Chair Test, done to examine the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR). Now, after the test the patient has difficulty in hearing though he has a normal ocular response. This proves that he has a vestibular dysfunction.

B) The patient cannot hear when the doctor asks him at a normal voice, but answers normally when the doctor shouts. This is because shouting is associated with a higher frequency of sounds. Vestibular dysfunctions tend to have a reception problem with lower frequencies but can hear higher frequency sounds normally.

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