4. You are a diabetic who requires insulin injections. Instead of your normal 1m

Question

4. You are a diabetic who requires insulin injections. Instead of your normal 1mg injection, you accidentally inject 3mg. What happens?

a. More glucose production by the liver

b. glycogen breakdown in liver and muscles

c. Blood glucose is absorbed by cells, not enough left for the brain

d. All of the above

5. You are fasting for a religious holiday. Your stores of glycogen have been depleted early on in the day. Which of the following is the next macromolecule your body will use to convert to glucose?

a. Proteins/amino acids

b. Lipids/glycerol and fatty acids

6. What would occur, exactly, in a T2DM patient with poorly controlled blood sugar when they exercise?

Explanation / Answer

4. The answer of this question is option c. Insulin overdose causes hypoglycemia (low blood sugar resulting from increase blood glucose absorption by cells). This causes dizziness, confusion and irritability because not enough glucose is left for the brain and can be a serious situation.

Insulin overdose causes glycogen production in the liver (and not glycogen breakdown) due to the increase uptake of glucose (and not production of glucose) by the liver cells.

5. The answer is option b. Body first uses lipids/glycerol and fatty acids during starving (after the glycogen stores have depleted). The body then uses proteins/amino acids after prolonged starving.

6. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and insulin deficiency both. Exercise improves glycemic control in type 2 dm patient and is good for diabetes management. Insulin resistance decreases during exercise. During exercise, blood glucose utilization by muscles increases more than glucose production by liver. Therefore, blood glucose is controlled. But during prolonged intensive exercise, there is a risk of hypoglycemia if the person is not taking insulin properly.

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