Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

Radioulnar Joint Joint actions (pronation/supination) Primary movers Plane of mo

ID: 3482979 • Letter: R

Question

Radioulnar Joint

Joint actions (pronation/supination)

Primary movers

Plane of movement and axis of rotation

Type of Joint

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

Ankle Joint

Joints actions (Plantar flexion, dorsiflexion)

Primary movers

Plane of movement and axis of rotation

Type of joint

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

Wrist Joint

Joint actions (extension/flexion)

Primary movers

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation

Exercise to target different muscles of the joint

Knee Joint

Joint actions (knee flexion, extension, internal and external rotation)

Primary movers

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

The Hip and Pelvic Girdle

Joint Actions (hip flexion, hip extension/hyperextension, posterior pelvic tilt, anterior pelvic tilt)

Primary movers/ Biarticular muscles

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

The Trunk and Spinal Column

Joint actions (flexion, extension, rotation)

Primary movers

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation


Explanation / Answer

joint

type

Joint actions

Primary movers

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

Radioulnar Joint


pivot

Allows for pronation

supination

Supination:

biceps brachii, supinator

pronation:

pronator quadratus, pronator teres


transverse plane

Vertical

Dumbbell curl (with supinated grip)

Supinator (small upper forearm muscle

Biceps brachii (main bicep muscle)

Dumbbell pronation;

Pronator quadratus (lower forearm muscle by wrist

Pronator Teres (small mid-forearm mucle)

Ankle Joint


synovial joint

permitting dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot

Ankle Dorsiflexion:

Anterior Tibialis, Extensor Hallicis

Ankle Plantarflextion:

Gastrocnemius, Soleus

Sagittal plane

Anterior-posterior Axis

Single-leg medicine ball toss

Balance disc


Single-leg good mornings


Resisted eversion

Wrist Joint


Condyloid joint (Synovial)

flexion, extension, adduction and abduction

Wrist Flexion:

Flexar Carpi Radialis & Ulnaris, Palmaris Longus

Wrist Extension:

Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus & Brevis)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Wrist Radial Deviation:

Flexor Carpi Radialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis

Wrist Ulnar Deviation:

Flexor Capi Ulnaris, Extensor Carpi Unlaris

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

for flexion and extension

Coronal / Frontal / Lateral

for adduction and abduction

Anterior-posterior Axis

wrist curl, reverse wrist curl

flexor carpi radialis (middle forearm)

Flexor carpi ulnaris (medial forearm)


Knee Joint


modified hinge joints(synovial)

flexion and extension (and a small degree of medial and lateral rotation)

Knee Flexion

Hamstrings

Knee Extension

Quadriceps

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

Sagittal axisflexion, Extension Transverse axis -internal-external rotation

Straight-Leg Lift, Hamstring Curls,Wall Squat

The Hip and Pelvic Girdle


ball-and-socket synovial joint:

in walking, hip flexion & extension occur

with pelvic girdle rotation

anterior tilt/ posterior tilt in the pelvic griddle

Hip Flexion:

Iliopsoas, Rectus Femoris,

Hip Extension:

Gluteus Maximus, Hamstring

Hip Abduction:

Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus

Hip Adduction:

Adductor Longus & Brevis, Adductor Magnus, Pectineus, Gracillis

Hip External Rotation:

Piriformis, Obturator Internus & Externus, Gemeli, Quadratus Femorus

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

for flexion and extension and

anterior tilt/ posterior tilt in the pelvic griddle

Frontal

for adduction and abduction

Sagittal or Antero-posterior axis

Frontal, Lateral axis

The Trunk and Spinal Column


synovial joint

Spinal flexion
Spinal extension
Lateral flexion (left or right)
Reduction
Spinal rotation (left or right)

Cervical Spine Flexion

SCM
Prevertebral groups
Scalenes

Cervical Spine Rotation

SCM (opposite side)
Upper trapezius (opposite side)
Splenius capitis and cervicis (same side)
Erector spinae group (same side)
Transversospinalis group (opposite side)

Trunk Flexion

Rectus abdominis
Internal obliques
External obliques
*Iliopsoas

Trunk Extension

Erector spinae group
Transversospinalis group

Trunk Lateral Flexion

Erector spinae group
Transversospinalis group
External obliques
Internal obliques
Quadratus lumborum

Trunk Rotation

Erector spinae group (same side)
Transversospinalis group (opposite side)
External obliques (opposite side)
Internal obliques (same side)

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

Spinal flexion
Spinal extension

transverse plane

Rotary movement of the spine

Sagittal or Antero-posterior axis

Vertical axis

joint

type

Joint actions

Primary movers

Plane of motion

Axis of rotation

Exercises to target different muscles of the joint

Radioulnar Joint


pivot

Allows for pronation

supination

Supination:

biceps brachii, supinator

pronation:

pronator quadratus, pronator teres


transverse plane

Vertical

Dumbbell curl (with supinated grip)

Supinator (small upper forearm muscle

Biceps brachii (main bicep muscle)

Dumbbell pronation;

Pronator quadratus (lower forearm muscle by wrist

Pronator Teres (small mid-forearm mucle)

Ankle Joint


synovial joint

permitting dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot

Ankle Dorsiflexion:

Anterior Tibialis, Extensor Hallicis

Ankle Plantarflextion:

Gastrocnemius, Soleus

Sagittal plane

Anterior-posterior Axis

Single-leg medicine ball toss

Balance disc


Single-leg good mornings


Resisted eversion

Wrist Joint


Condyloid joint (Synovial)

flexion, extension, adduction and abduction

Wrist Flexion:

Flexar Carpi Radialis & Ulnaris, Palmaris Longus

Wrist Extension:

Extensor Carpi Radialis (Longus & Brevis)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Wrist Radial Deviation:

Flexor Carpi Radialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis

Wrist Ulnar Deviation:

Flexor Capi Ulnaris, Extensor Carpi Unlaris

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

for flexion and extension

Coronal / Frontal / Lateral

for adduction and abduction

Anterior-posterior Axis

wrist curl, reverse wrist curl

flexor carpi radialis (middle forearm)

Flexor carpi ulnaris (medial forearm)


Knee Joint


modified hinge joints(synovial)

flexion and extension (and a small degree of medial and lateral rotation)

Knee Flexion

Hamstrings

Knee Extension

Quadriceps

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

Sagittal axisflexion, Extension Transverse axis -internal-external rotation

Straight-Leg Lift, Hamstring Curls,Wall Squat

The Hip and Pelvic Girdle


ball-and-socket synovial joint:

in walking, hip flexion & extension occur

with pelvic girdle rotation

anterior tilt/ posterior tilt in the pelvic griddle

Hip Flexion:

Iliopsoas, Rectus Femoris,

Hip Extension:

Gluteus Maximus, Hamstring

Hip Abduction:

Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus

Hip Adduction:

Adductor Longus & Brevis, Adductor Magnus, Pectineus, Gracillis

Hip External Rotation:

Piriformis, Obturator Internus & Externus, Gemeli, Quadratus Femorus

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

for flexion and extension and

anterior tilt/ posterior tilt in the pelvic griddle

Frontal

for adduction and abduction

Sagittal or Antero-posterior axis

Frontal, Lateral axis

The Trunk and Spinal Column


synovial joint

Spinal flexion
Spinal extension
Lateral flexion (left or right)
Reduction
Spinal rotation (left or right)

Cervical Spine Flexion

SCM
Prevertebral groups
Scalenes

Cervical Spine Rotation

SCM (opposite side)
Upper trapezius (opposite side)
Splenius capitis and cervicis (same side)
Erector spinae group (same side)
Transversospinalis group (opposite side)

Trunk Flexion

Rectus abdominis
Internal obliques
External obliques
*Iliopsoas

Trunk Extension

Erector spinae group
Transversospinalis group

Trunk Lateral Flexion

Erector spinae group
Transversospinalis group
External obliques
Internal obliques
Quadratus lumborum

Trunk Rotation

Erector spinae group (same side)
Transversospinalis group (opposite side)
External obliques (opposite side)
Internal obliques (same side)

Sagittal / Antero-posterior

Spinal flexion
Spinal extension

transverse plane

Rotary movement of the spine

Sagittal or Antero-posterior axis

Vertical axis