42-year-old obese woman experiences recurrent episodic abdominal pain after a me

Question

42-year-old obese woman experiences recurrent episodic abdominal pain after a meal, fo which she decides to see a doctor. She informs the doctor that the pain usually starts after eating desserts, pastries, MacDonald's fries, but not after a salad or chicken breast, and is felt on the upper right quadrant. When questioned about her family history, she informs the doctor that her mother has gastric ulcer due to excess stomach acid production for which she takes prevacid. Her dad has a rare kidney disorder in which his proximal tubule is slowly being destroyed, and her brother passed away as an infant because his lungs collapsed during expiration due to lack of some fluid. Complete physical exam and lab test were done which showed the following: BP= 160/110mmHg Increased level of Renin ECG-Wide QRS complex and T wave Urine = positive for protein GFR = Nor Answer the following questions regarding the case scenario above? 1) What hormone is responsible for the pain she feels after eating? 2) What is the function of the hormone mentioned in the previous question? 3) During what phase of digestion is the hormone mentioned in question 1 released? 4) What else occurs in the phase mentioned in the previous question? 5) What gland and cells, releases the hormone mentioned in question 1? 6) What acid is over produced in her mother? 7) What cells produce the acid? 8) What other substance does the acid secreting cell secrete? 9) What three chemicals are needed to produce the acid? 10) What (a) increase and (b) decreases the acid secretion? 1) What is the function of the acid? 12) During what digestive phase is the acid released? 13) Explain the process of stomach acid production step by step in detail? 14) Explain in detail how prevacid works to help treat gastric ulcer? 15) Due to the kidney disorder, which of the following solute/molecule are not absorbed? 16) Why would the father have hypocalcemia due to the kidney issue? 17) What fluid did her brother lack causing his lungs to collapse? 18) What is the function of the fluid that her brother lacks? 19) What is the correlation between increased renin levels and her blood pressure (explain in detail) 20) What chamber is abnormal causing her abnormal ECG? 21) What other ECG waves are there and what do they represent? 22) What part of the kidney is damaged causing proteinuria in her? 23) What normally prevents protein to be present in urine? 24) What is GFR? 25) How can you 26) What substance is used to calculate GFR? calculate GFR?

Explanation / Answer

1 ) CCK (Cholecystokinin)

2 ) Secrete bile, pancreatic enzymes such as trypsinogen, lipase, and amylase.

3) Intestinal phase

4) Gastrin inhibitory peptide is released, gastrin is inhibited, secretin and cck is alsoreleased

5) I cells in the small intestines

6) HCL (pepsinogen and pepsin)

7 ) parietal cells

8 ) intrinsic factor for vitB12 absorption

9) histamine,Ach , gastrin

10 ) a) pepsinogen increases b ) mucus decreases

11 ) chemically breakdown food in the stomach

12 ) gastric phase

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