c Sprint 9:32 PM Done BIO319(SeniorFinal).docx Ch.9 . What are the three structu
ID: 3481212 • Letter: C
Question
c Sprint 9:32 PM Done BIO319(SeniorFinal).docx Ch.9 . What are the three structural classes of joints? Describe the characteristics of cach. 2(a). List the anatomical name for the: knee joint, shoulder joint, hip joint and elbow joint. (b)Name the bones that form each joint (c).Tell what type of joint cach is and the action associated with each 3. What are the advantages of a hinge joint over a ball-and- socket joint? 4. What is synovial fluid, where is it produced and why it is important? 5. What is a bursa? Discuss its function 6. Define the following: bursitis, tendonitis, sprain vs strain, and luxation 7. What occurs in the joint capsule in rheumatoid arthritis? 8. Distinguish between gouty arthritis and osteoarthritis; include causes and symptoms in your answer. Ch.22. I. What is the immune/lymphatic system? Give the function of each. 2. Define B cell and T cell and describe the function of cach 3. What are lymph nodes and tonsils? Explain the function of each. 4. How does the function of a lymph node differ from that of the spleen? Ch. 26 . Define the following functions of the digestive system: ingestion, digestion, absorption, compaction and defecation.Explanation / Answer
I) Any connection between bones of the skeleton is called as a joint
classification:
a) fibrous joints: also known as synarthroses: they are also called as fixed or immovable joints. in these there is a tight union between the bones. so no movement is possible at these joints
Example: autures of the skull and teeth in their sockets
b) Carttilagenous joints also known as amphiarthroses: they are called as movable joints
example: intervertebral joints
c)synovial joint also known as diarthroses: they are called as freely movable joints
2)a)b)c) (i)The knee, also known as tibiofemoral joint, is a synovial hinge joint formed between three bones: the femur, tibia, and patella, momemts like flexion and extension occur at knee joint
(ii)The shoulder joint itself known as Glenohumeral joint, it is a ball and socket type of joint. Bones like humerus, scapula and the clavicle. and the moments it gives was flexion, extension, abduction, rotation and circumduction
(iii) The hip joint, referred as acetabulofemoral joint, it is also a ball and socket joint the bones are articulation of the pelvis with femur, the moments like flexion, extension, abduction, rotation and circumduction
(iV) the elbow joint primarly called humeroulnar joint between the humerus and ulna and second joint called proximal radioulnar and distilled radioulnar between radius and ulna and the moments are flexion and extension occurs
3) keeping a ball-and-socket joint under control is highly imposible and needs a lot more muscles and brain power than a hinge joint
it would be much harder to build a body if you have to have multiple controls on the elbow and knee like you do on the shoulder and hip.
One ball a socket joint per limb allows re-aiming the more limited joints further down the limb and the limited motion of the lower arm and lower leg pivoting about the two bones give strength with simplicity.
4) synovial fluid is a white egg like consistence present in the synovial joint which is used to decrease the friction between the joints. it is a small component of the transcellular fluid component of extracellular fluid. The inner membrane of synovial joints is also known as synovial membrane and secretes synovial fluid into the joint cavity. the imortance is simple as it keeps all the joints free from friction and damage
5) as same like synovial fluid Bursae are fluid-filled cavities located at tissue sites
where tendons or muscles pass over bony prominences near joints, such as the knee.
The function of a bursa is to facilitate movement and reduce friction between moving parts.
6)Bursitis: enlargement and inflammation of one of the bursae may occur. the bursa between patella and skin is mostly affected
tendonitis, is the inflammation of a tendon. It happens when a person overuses or injures a tendon
A sprain is a stretching or tearing of ligaments it is between the fibrous tissue between the two bones A strain is a stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon.where a tendon is a fibrous cord of tissue that connects muscles to bones.
luxation is a displacement of bone from a joint
7) in joint capsule Rheumatoid arthritis causes the normally thin synovium to become inflamed and thickened, leading accumulation of synovial fluid and causing pain and swelling.
Also, the cartilage and bone ends within the joint may become damaged and eroded leading to loss of function and deformity of the joint
8) gout is caused by the deosition of sodium urate crystals in joints and tendons.
osteoarthritis it occures due to degenerative changes in the cartilages of joints
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.