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« previous | 56 of 62 next » Item 56 During an office exam for her annual physical, Candy Barr (age 56) tells you that she's concerned about an increase in urination and constant feeling of being thirsty. Candy is 5'4" tall and weighs 185 lbs. She also has noticed a numbness/tingling sensation in her right leg and foot. A fasting plasma glucose test, an A1C, and a CBC are ordered. Additionally, a urinalysis is conducted in the office. Answer the following questions based on the information presented.

Explanation / Answer

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulted due to the improper metabolism of sugar in the body. The insulin secretion and function are impaired resulting in diabetes. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of pancreatic Islets. Insulin is the major hormone that monitors the sugar metabolism in the body. The major symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination and it is a condition called polyuria. Increased fluid intake and thirst are also obsertved during diabetes and this is a condition known as polydipsia and increased appetite is a condition called polyphagia are common symptoms.

When the level of glucose in blood increases, the excess glucose from circulation is bound by insulin to convert free glucose into glycogen. Impaired function of insulin results in free circulating glucose that is eliminated from body by kidneys in the form of urine. This condition results in heavy urine production and frequent urination. The blood volume lost is replaced by the water content present in the cells. This leads to dehydration and results in increase of thirst. Thus, extreme thirst is a characherstic symptom of diabetes.

The symptoms of Candy Barr sugesst that she is suffering from diabetes resulted due to insulin hormone deficiency. Option 2 is correct.

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