Larissa did not show up to her work shift, which has never before happened in he
ID: 3480783 • Letter: L
Question
Larissa did not show up to her work shift, which has never before happened in her 4 years of employment. The boss sent a co-worker to her house to check on her; luckily he did because the co-worker found Larissa unconscious on the floor of her kitchen. An ambulance was called and upon her arrival at the ED it was determined that Larissa in hypovolemic from severe dehydration. Her blood pressure at admittance was 60/40 mmHg.
Which serum hormone level would be elevated to counteract her dehydration?
Where in the nephron will this drug act, and on what cells?
What is her MAP at time of admittance? Why does this affect her urine output?
Explanation / Answer
Answers
A. The dehydration is an indication of decreased level body fluids. The dehydration can be detected by serum hormone that is Anti Diuretic Hormone or Vasopressin and prevent the loss of fluids by increasing the reabsorption in the collecting ducts of nephron. .
B.
The loss of fluid can be corrected by administration Anti Diuretic drugs like Vasopressin Desmopressin lypressin etc,.The drugs act on last part of the distal convoluted tubule and Collecting Ducts. These parts of nephron consist two types of cells are principal cells and intercalated cells. Principal cells invoved in reabsorption. These cells in presence of vasopressin increases the reabsorption.
C.
Mean arterial pressure is calculated by following formula
MAP = [(2 × Diastolic pressure) + Systolic pressure] / 3
= [ (2× 40) + 60] / 3
= [80 + 60] / 3
= 140/ 3
= 46.66 mm Hg
Normal mean arterial pressure ranges from 70 to 110 mm Hg.
the above value indicates decreased MAP value. The decreased MAP is detected by baroreceptors that can results in actvation of sympathetic system, constriction of afferent arteriole, that leads to decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate and decreased urine output
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