Test your knowledge of one of the mechanisms by which the kidneys regulate water

Question

Test your knowledge of one of the mechanisms by which the kidneys regulate water excretion by completing each sentence. sodium osmolarity excretion To begin, imagine that excess water has been ingested into the body This decreases body fluid vasopressin hypothalamus posterior pituitary This change is sensed by located within the These neurons decrease their action potential firing frequency resulting water in the secretion of from the proximal tubule A decrease in circulating levels of vasopressin decreases the permeability of the which leads to a decrease in water epithelial cells to osmoreceptors collecting duct anterior pituitary reabsorption Water remains in the tubular lumen, and thus there is an increase in the water volume

Explanation / Answer

To begin, imagine that excess water has been ingested into the body. This decreases body fluid volume.

This change is sensed by osmoreceptors located within the hypothalamus.

These neurons decreases their action potential firing frequency resulting in a decrease in secretion of vasopressin from the posterior pituitary gland.

A decrease in circulating levels of vasopressin decreases the permeability of the collecting duct epithelial cells to water, which leads to a decrease in water reabsorption.

Water remains in the tubular lumen, and thus there is an increase in the water excretion.

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