1.) Explain the significance of pressure involved in filtration and reabsorption
ID: 3480380 • Letter: 1
Question
1.) Explain the significance of pressure involved in filtration and reabsorption process. Briefly present the factors causing cardio-rental syndrome.2.) list the most important mechanism involved in acid-base balance regulation. Are there any hormones involved in this process?
3.) what effects would furosemide, an inhibitor of Na+ reabsorption by the thick ascending limbs of loop of Henley, have on urinary NA+,K+ and Ca++ excretion?
4.) A 5% dextrose is isoosmoyic to plasma. What effect would infusion of 1L of a 5% dextrose solution have on ECF and ICF volumes? How it would affect fluid osmolality of a 70 kg individual and why?
5.) why there is no universal donor anymore? Why type of blood you can transfuse if patient has type A- blood?
6.) briefly explain the significance of RH factor. Why mother with RH negative blood should receive rhoGAM shot? Why type of antibodies would be produced in this case? 1.) Explain the significance of pressure involved in filtration and reabsorption process. Briefly present the factors causing cardio-rental syndrome. 1.) Explain the significance of pressure involved in filtration and reabsorption process. Briefly present the factors causing cardio-rental syndrome.
2.) list the most important mechanism involved in acid-base balance regulation. Are there any hormones involved in this process?
3.) what effects would furosemide, an inhibitor of Na+ reabsorption by the thick ascending limbs of loop of Henley, have on urinary NA+,K+ and Ca++ excretion?
4.) A 5% dextrose is isoosmoyic to plasma. What effect would infusion of 1L of a 5% dextrose solution have on ECF and ICF volumes? How it would affect fluid osmolality of a 70 kg individual and why?
5.) why there is no universal donor anymore? Why type of blood you can transfuse if patient has type A- blood?
6.) briefly explain the significance of RH factor. Why mother with RH negative blood should receive rhoGAM shot? Why type of antibodies would be produced in this case?
Explanation / Answer
1.effective filtration pressure -(Pcap-P bow)-(COPcap-COPbow)
Pcap is the hydristatic pressure in glomerular capullary .it constitues a flltration force driving fluid out of the capillary and into bowman capsule.
Pbow hydrostatic pressure in th bowman capsule .it oppose filtrtion
COPcap is colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillary bringing fluid into glomerular capillary.
COPbow- COP of the filtrate in the bowman's capsule ,normally is zero because glomerular filtrate contains no proteins
Reabsorption is tge active transport of solute and passive movement if water from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary .
Risk factor -hypertensin,diabetes ,previous history of heartor renal disease.
No.2- acid base balance by
Acid base balance regulation-1.phophate buffer syatem
2respiratiry rregulation of acid base balance
3 renal regultaion of acid base
No.3there is increse urinary excretion of sodium potassium and calcium ion because furisemide inhibit Na-K-Cl cotrasport.
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