It is Halloween! Your best buddy was chased down by a vampire, and was caught. T

Question

It is Halloween! Your best buddy was chased down by a vampire, and was caught. The vampire 'fed' on your buddy, but your buddy did not taste very good to the vampire, so the vampire only ate 1.5 L of blood before letting your buddy go. Assume that the vampire saliva did not have any components in it that would interfere with the normal physiological response to hemorrhage. Use the table below (describing events related to hemorrhage) Total blood volume (mL) Erythrocyte volume (mL) Plasma volume (mL) normal 1 hour after hemorrhage 18 hours post hemorrhage 5000 2300 2700 4000 1840 2160 4900 1840 3060

Explanation / Answer

There is a blood loss of approximately 30% in this patient. This amount of blood loss would lead to acute reduction in blood volume causing a fall in central venous pressure, reduced venous return and cardiac filling.

This in turn leads to reduced cardiac output and arterial pressure. The body has a number of compensatory mechanisms that become activated in an attempt to restore arterial pressure and blood volume back to normal. These mechanisms includethe following,

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