15. What is epigenetics? 16. What are the 5 roles of sleep? 17. When is a disord
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15. What is epigenetics? 16. What are the 5 roles of sleep? 17. When is a disorder a disorder? 18. Discuss Eriksons attachment styles 19. Discuss the evolution of psychological theory. 20. Discuss the purpose of both rods and cones in the eye. 21. Table 6.3- the senses 22. Discuss the 3 primary parenting styles, their effectiveness and flaws 23. Describe the symptoms and etiology of ASD 24. Discuss the biological mechanisms related to the action potential, neurotransmitters and cocaine. 25. Discuss relevant theories on dream interpretation 26. Discuss sleep deprivation and its effects on the body 27. Compare and contrast the nervous system with the endocrine system.Explanation / Answer
16. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression (active versus inactive genes) that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. In other words, it is used to describe anything other than DNA sequence that influences the development of an organism.
17. The role that sleep plays are stated as under:
18. A dysfunctional pattern of behavior can be classified as a disorder when it causes significant distress to the individual or others and results in the impairment of adequate functioning across personal and professional domains.
19. The first stage of Erikson's psychosocial theory parallels Bowlby's theory of infant attachment, where experience with caregivers is crucial. In the trust versus mistrust stage, the infant develops models of the world and of self through interaction with the attachment figure, which is the care giver. A positive model leads to secure attachment, while a negative model leads to an insecure attachment. Caregivers who are warm, sensitive, available, and responsive during stressful situations lead to secure attachment whereas abuse or neglect fosters mistrust.
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