Sprint 6:01 PM a wtclass.wtamu.edu * 20%D Chapters 1, 2,3,4 Read each question c
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Sprint 6:01 PM a wtclass.wtamu.edu * 20%D Chapters 1, 2,3,4 Read each question carefully and make certain you answer each part of the question. Each question is worth 20 points. 1. List and discuss the social forces that led to the 2. List and discuss the four basic components of Marx's 3. Discuss Marx's concept of class conflict. Consider the development of sociological theory. Alienation. widening economic gap the exists in today's economy, do you think Marx's analysis is accurate? Why or why not! 4. Identify one aspect of Durkheim's theory you believe is applicable today. Why do you think this concept is current? 5. Discuss Weber's structures of Authority. In your discussion identify examples of authority you see in society - either historically or current.Explanation / Answer
Q.1. SOCIAL FORCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
POLITICAL REVOLUTION
The French revolution in 1789 was the most vital aspect in the evolution of sociological theory. Its influence was enormous on many society and numerous positive changes happened. Although, what fascinated the attentions of several early theorists was in fact the negative consequences and not the positive effects of such changes. They unified in a wish to re-establish order in society. This interest of re-establishing social order was one of the main concerns of sociological theories especially by Durkheim, Parsons and Comte.
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM
The industrial revolution chiefly occurred in the 19th centuries and it was not a solo event but numerous interconnected expansions. Due to industrial revolution, huge number of people abandoned their agricultural work and worked for the industrial occupations proposed by the expanding industries. the labour movement as well as to various radical movements was a response against the industrial system and capitalism whose aim was to overthrow the capitalist system. Four main sociologists i.e. Karl Marx, George Simmel, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber were preoccupied.
FEMINISM
Anywhere where women are subordinated and have been viewed inferior to men they have identified and remonstrated that state in some way. All of this had an impact on the development of sociology, in particular on the work of a number of women in or associated with the field.
THE GROWTH OF SCIENCE
As sociological theory was under development, there was a growing emphasis on science. Sociologists like Spencer, Durkheim, Mead and Comte from the commencement were thoughtful with science, and many of them sought to prototype sociology after the effective physical and biological sciences. Although, an argument shortly developed between those who passionately acknowledged the scientific model and those who believed that individual features of social life made an extensive adoption of a scientific model hard and imprudent. The subject of the connection between science and sociology is discussed to this day, though even a look at the chief papers in this field specifies the prevalence of those who favour sociology as a science.
Q.2.
THE FOUR TYPES OF ALIENATION
1. Alienation of the worker from their product: The plan and growth of an output does not rest in the hands of a worker but the inside conclusions of the capitalists. A worker does not
have control over what he or she intends to produce or the specifications of his or her product.
2. Alienation of the worker from the act of production: The manufacturing of products and services in the society of a capitalist is monotonous and machine-driven that proposes slight or no emotional gratification to the worker. Labor seems forced because a worker assumes this as a way of existence.
3. Alienation of the worker from their species-essence or human identity: The species-essence or human identity of an individual includes all of his or her inborn calibre. Under a capitalist mode of production, the individual loses his or her uniqueness and the chance for self-growth as he or she has to compulsory sell his or her labor-power as a product of the market.
4. Alienation of the worker from other workers: The decrease of labor to a meagre market product makes the so-called labor market in which a worker contests against another worker. Labor is operated in a ruthless labor market rather than seeing it as a positive socioeconomic movement categorized by shared effort.
Q.3.
Karl Marx provided one of the most influential sociological descriptions of social conflict. He observed the assembly of society in association to its most important classes. To understand his view of social conflict lies in his definition of class. “A class is defined by the possession of property. Such possession bestows a person with the control to eliminate others from the possessions and to use it for individual purposes”. Thus, Class is not seen by status or income but by property. These are controlled by circulation and ingestion, which eventually echoes the production and power relations of classes. In total, there are six rudiments in Marx's view of class conflict.
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