Questions-Utilitarianism - Compatibility Mode t References Mailings Review View
ID: 3466761 • Letter: Q
Question
Questions-Utilitarianism - Compatibility Mode t References Mailings Review View Help Tell me what you want to do ?? AaBbCcl AaBbCc1 AaBbC AaBbCcl AaB AaBbCcC C! . ?. | 1 Normal . . +". 1NoSpac." Heading 1 Heading 2 Title Subtitle Paragraph Styles Questions Utilitarianism 1. Explain the different utilitarian approaches to the question of what constitutes utility What are the relative merits and drawbacks of the different approaches? 2. How much utility must we strive for according to utilitarianism? What is supererogation? What does this have to do with utilitarianism? 3. What is the advantage of an act-oriented approach to utilitarianism in comparison to rule and practice-utilitarianism? What troubling criticism does act-utilitarianism face? Explain through the use of an example. In comparison, what is the advantage rule or practice utilitarianism. What are the other criticisms of utilitarianism? 4. What two insights may be gleaned from utilitarianism?Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Bernard Williams believed that utilitarianism is based on the concept of negative responsibility. According to it, an agent is not only responsible to results produced from his action but also responsible for those consequences happens due to the action of others.
According to Bernard, there are flaws in the concept of utilitarian because it is based on negative responsibility on the other side it also focuses on outcomes of the action of the individual.
Different utilitarian approaches and their relative drawbacks are given below:
1. Karl Popper's Negative Utilitarianism (1945)
In this utilitarianism type, we focus on promoting the minimum suffering for the largest number of people.
Drawback:
This is the negative utilitarian type it focuses on pain than pleasure.
2. Sentient Utilitarianism
In this utilitarIanism type, we focus on promoting the minimum suffering for the largest number of the living organism, not just living being.it gives equal consideration to humans and animals.
Criticism:
Humans are more intelligent than another animal .hence, preference should be given to human needs over animal’s need.
3. Average Utilitarianism
Average utilitarianism described that we calculate a population’s utility by average utility calculation.
Criticism: It is a "mere addition paradox."
4. Total Utilitarianism
Alternate view of average utilatirian .
5. Motive Utilitarianism
7. Act Utilitarianism or Case Utilitarianism
8. Two-Level Utilitarianism
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.