From Bresnan, Awakening , chapters 7 and 8.. For chapter 7, answer the following

Question

From Bresnan, Awakening, chapters 7 and 8..

For chapter 7, answer the following questions.

1. What does the term devotional movementrefer to? Was it unique to the Hindu world? Do you see any modern-day parallels?

2. What accounts for the great popularity of the god Vishnu? Why has he chosen to be incarnated multiple times throughout history? What is Krishna's relationship to Vishnu?

3. How do you account for the great popularity of the god Shiva, particularly in the south of India? Why, in fact, does Hindu society venerate both Vishnu and Shiva? Don't they seem to serve the same religious function within Hinduism?

4. What do you make of linga veneration in association with Shiva? Do you feel that this is a profound religious expression? Perhaps you feel that it is out of place in modern times?

5. How do you explain the growing importance of the deified female, "the goddess"? Over the millennia, the place of the goddess has moved from relative obscurity to preeminence. What accounts for this?

6. Everyone, it seems, loves Ganesha. Why?

Explanation / Answer

Ans. 1

The devotional movement refers to different religious practices in Hinduism or Sanatan Dharma. The Hinduism evolved in India from ancient time, Sanatan religious views belongs to Vedic culture in which people worshiped three gods, Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh or Shiva, these worship runs for thousand years and evolved with many gods like Indra, Varun etc. gradually lot of ideas added to Hinduism and enables lot of gods.

Ans. 2

The God Vishnu known as preserver of the universe, according to Vedic culture, he incarnated multiple times and worked for humanity. The Krishna is known as the Avatar of Lord Vishnu and worshiped as god of love and a great politician during Mahabharata.

Ans. 3

The God Shiva is known as destructor of Universe, according to Hindu mythology, the Shiva uses his third eye to destroy the universe and Brahma create it again and again. In south India, Shiva is worshiped at various places because during the devotional movement Shaiva Sampradaya established in South India. The Shiva and Vishnu both worshiped in Hinduism but religious disciplines worshiped as Viashnav and Shaiva Sampradaya.   

Ans. 4

Worshiping of Linga associated with Shiva, In Vedic culture, we can find the evidence of Linga and Yoni worshiping, and the Linga represents ability to create new species and living beings. In modern world we can experiences worshiping of Linga by disciples of Shiva in India.

Ans. 5

Ancient Hinduism shows equal place of male and female gods because they had strong beliefs that female is a part of creation, so that we can see many goddess worshiped in Hinduism. Gradually the male dominancy served changing in myths and religious views. Shakti is known as wife of Shiva and goddess of power who was the mother of Ganesha. Shakti is a symbol female worshiping but in medieval period the worshiping of goddess change into supportive worshiping rather than individual worship of goddess.

Ans. 6

Ganesha was the son of Shiva and Shakti, Ganesha symbolize the participation of male and female in the creation and preservation of the world. According to Hindu mythology, Ganesha was so clever and brave god who fought against his father to follow his mother’s word.

The Hindu start their rituals with the worshiping of Ganesha, so that Ganesha is very important god. During Indian freedom fight, leaders used the faith of people into their god to unite the country men.

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