1. One of the most powerful motivators of humans is the desire to a. preserve an
ID: 3465541 • Letter: 1
Question
1. One of the most powerful motivators of humans is the desire to a. preserve and maintain a relatively favorable view of ourselves b. ensure that we behave in rational, logical, reasonable ways c. forge strong social connections with a great many other people d. acquire as much social power as possible expensive beta-carotene supplements for years because he believes they will reduce his risk of cancer. Hai has just leamed that a well-controlled study published in the prestigious probably experiencing Medicine showed that beta-carotene supplements do not reduce cancer risk. Hai is a. self-justification b. self-discrepancy d. insufficient justification 3. Judy felt a bit guilty about snapping at the customer service person on the phone early one morning. When she got to work, she was complimentary to all her colleagues and spent a few minutes asking about how they were doing. Feeling much better about herself, she went to work at her desk. Social psychologists would say just engaged in a. the lowball effect b. self-affirmation d. changing behavior 4. George bought his 6-year-old grandson, Pete, a set of paints for his birthday. Hoping to encourage the littie artist, George told him he would give Pete $5 for every painting he made, which Pete thinks is a lot of money. According to research on the effects of rewards, which of the following is most likely to happen as a result of George's offer? a. Pete will refuse to paint, due to feelings of reactance. b. Pete will love painting and will want to grow up to become an artist. c. George will have to start paying Pete more and more money, to justify his original decision to pay Pete d. Pete will see painting as a way to make money, not as something enjoyable in itself. 5. Bill and Mary are concemed because they think their 13-year-old son spends too much time playing video games. One day, they came across a magazine article describing the positive and negative effects of video games on child development. After reading the article, Bill and Mary decided to show it to their son. According to dissonance theory what will their son's most likely reaction to reading the article? a. Their son will have a more balanced view of his game-playing and will talk with his parents about potential negative effects. b. Their son will be even more convinced that video games are fine and will point out the arguments in his favor. c. Their son will realize that there are negative effects of video games and will decide to stop playing them. d. The article will have no effect on their son's attitude towards video games. 6. When researchers examined cheating among students, they found that the students who were tempted to cheat on an exam but resisted the temptation a. actually performed better on subsequent exams ("I've got to prove I'm a good student." b. were more likely to cheat on an exam in the future ("I will make up for that missed opportunity!") c. developed harsher attitudes against cheating ("Cheating is immoral and that's why I didn't do it.) d. developed more lenient attitudes toward cheating ('I was tempted, I understand how easy that could be.) 7. Han eans h the ideaExplanation / Answer
1. Option B - This is the only way we gain respect and recognition in the society.
2. Option C - cognitive dissonance - The state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes, especially as relating to behavioural decisions and attitude change.
3. Option B - Self Affirmation - The recognition and assertion of the existance and value of one's individual self.
4. Option B - On high- interest tasks, verbal rewards produce positive effects on free- choice motovation and self-reported task interest.
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