s discussed in class, medications for ADHD work primarily by a. Stimulant; incre

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s discussed in class, medications for ADHD work primarily by a. Stimulant; increasing the availability of dopamine b. Stimulant; increasing the availability of GABA Anti-depressant; increasing the availability of norepinephrine c. d. Stimulant; decreasing the availability of dopamine 22. Sarah is a 9-year-old girl who has been displaying behavioral problems at home for the last year. Her dad complains that she is always angry and irritable and fights constantly with her mother, her little sister, and even tries to pick fights" with the family cat by throwing away all the cat's toys. Sarah also refuses to do her chores or to follow any of the household rules. Given that Sarah's behavior has been causing the whole family much distress, her Dad decided to go speak with her teacher at school. Whern he did, he was surprised to hear that her teacher described her as a very good student with no behavioral issues! What diagnosis would Sarah likely receive? a. Conduct Disorder b. Oppositional Defiant Disorder c. None of the above because she is only displaying symptoms at home d. None of the above because she has not been displaying symptoms long enough to meet criteria 23. Greg is currently a junior in high school. During his freshman year he tried marijuana for the first time, mainly because his friends use it too and he wants to keep fitting in; he didn't really plan on doing it again. Even though he is an athlete and doesn't really like the idea of having smoke in his lungs, he still ends up smoking every few weeks when it's offered to him at parties. He notices that he doesn't get as strong of an effect now compared to the first couple of times he smoked. He also notices that smoking makes him feel a bit more withdrawn. Which of the following best characterizes Greg: a. He is using substances due to peer isolation b. He is using substances due to expectation of social awareness c. He is using substances due to peer influence d. He has a severe substance use disorder 24. Which of the following does NOT describe anxiety: a. An immediate reaction to danger b. A strong negative emotion and bodily symptoms of tension c. Apprehension about future danger d. A feeling of lacking control 25. A recent study of children aged 4-12 found that those with no siblings were twice as likely to develop an anxiety disorder. The results of this study tell us which of the following: Having no siblings causes children to develop anxiety disorders Being lonely causes children to develop anxiety disorders Being 4-12 causes children to develop anxiety disorders None of the above a. b. c. d. 26. Rashida was sitting on the school bus when all of a sudden she developed intense fear and anxiety. Over the next 5 minutes she experienced shortness of breath, pain in her chest, increased heart rate, sweating, has e similar symptoms 5 separate times. Furthermore, she now reports a fear of riding on the bus or in a car and tried to remain in the home as much as possible. Which treatment is most likely to be effective in treating Rashida? a. Beta-blockers b. Benzodiazepines c. Modeling d. Interoceptive Exposure

Explanation / Answer

22.None of the above since she is displaying symptoms only at home and not anywhere else including her school. 23.Greg is using substances due to peer isolation since he is trying hard to fit in groups whether at high school or social gatherings. 24.An immediate reaction to danger;Fear is the response to a danger that is currently detected in the immediate, present moment of time. In contrast, anxiety refers to the anticipation of some potential threat that may, or may not, happen in the future. In other words, fear is a response to an immediate danger in the present moment of time, while anxiety is associated with a threat that is anticipated in a future moment of time. Anxiety reflects the anticipation of fear and represents an adaptive attempt to prevent the fear-provoking circumstance from occurring. 26.Beta blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are medications that reduce your blood pressure. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. When you take beta blockers, your heart beats more slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood pressure. Some questions couldnt be answered because of time constraints,they can be asked as another question,they will be answered,thankyou for your cooperation

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