1.) To say that there is an arbitrary relationship between words and their refer
ID: 3464217 • Letter: 1
Question
1.) To say that there is an arbitrary relationship between words and their referent or what they represent, means that words
2.
Mental lexicon refers to the dictionary or word knowledge in the head of each speaker. Each word contains it pronunciation, its meaning and
3.
What would account for the context-bound word use of many of the first words of children?
4.
How does the natural partitions hypothesis account for the dominance of nouns over verbs in the early vocabulary of children?
5.
Which of the following explanations of a child's word spurt at the 50 word milestone was not forwarded in the text?
6.
What difference has been found in the comprehension vocabulary of children when compared to their productive vocabulary?
7.
A child who sees language as a vehicle for social interactions and not a means to label or identify objects, would be more likely to fit into Nelson's lexical development style termed
8.
What environmental context of new words predicts vocabulary growth?
9.
Which of the following relationships pertaining to lexical develop has been found and reported in the text?
10.
What information in the speech stream is important in being able to determine the word boundaries?
11.
If a child has difficulty understanding that the words "cat" and "animal" could refer to the same thing then it is evidence for the
12.
What assumption would allow a child to hear the word dog for a specific dog, yet assume the word applies to other similar animals?
13.
What relationship has been found between the timing of when a word is heard and the understanding of its meaning?
14.
Spanish speaking children learn that verbs that refer to motion also include the path while English speaking children have these verbs encode manner of motion. This difference reflects
1.) To say that there is an arbitrary relationship between words and their referent or what they represent, means that words
a. have meaning that are dynamic or constantly changing. b. have different meaning from one person to the next. c. don't have clear meaning. d. have no natural link to what they are representing.2.
Mental lexicon refers to the dictionary or word knowledge in the head of each speaker. Each word contains it pronunciation, its meaning and
a. the grammatical category of the word. b. how the word is spelled. c. synonyms of the word. d. the nonliteral meanings and uses of the word.3.
What would account for the context-bound word use of many of the first words of children?
a. They do not understand the referential process for words until they have acquired around 50. b. It takes time to understand the common meaning from the different contexts. c. This is due to a limitation of their cognitive abilities and is true of all first words. d. They must use words in conversational interactions to gain full meaning.4.
How does the natural partitions hypothesis account for the dominance of nouns over verbs in the early vocabulary of children?
a. Children are more interested in the reference point of nouns over verbs. b. Nouns refer to objects or things whereas verbs express relationships among things which are harder to grasp. c. Children hear nouns much more often than verbs. d. Nouns are non-changing whereas verbs change for tense and direction.5.
Which of the following explanations of a child's word spurt at the 50 word milestone was not forwarded in the text?
a. The 50 words provides the child a basis for figuring out the principles of how lexicon works. b. There is some critical underlying changes that occurs in cognitive development at this time. c. This is the point where syntax develops and this structural knowledge increases the need for words. d. It may be due to development of phonological abilities that occur at this time.6.
What difference has been found in the comprehension vocabulary of children when compared to their productive vocabulary?
a. Production vocabularies have no pronouns until about the age of three, whereas they are understood by 18 months. b. No words have been found to appear in production vocabulary before it does in comprehension vocabulary across children and cultures. c. Comprehension vocabularies have proportionately more general nouns. d. Comprehension vocabularies have proportionately more verbs.7.
A child who sees language as a vehicle for social interactions and not a means to label or identify objects, would be more likely to fit into Nelson's lexical development style termed
a. referential language style. b. relation seeking style. c. interactional language style. d. expressive language style.8.
What environmental context of new words predicts vocabulary growth?
a. Mothers who use new words out of context such as in a story. b. When the new words are used by siblings or peers instead of adults. c. Mothers who both use new words and explain what they mean. d. Mothers who only use the new word in short sentences or alone.9.
Which of the following relationships pertaining to lexical develop has been found and reported in the text?
a. Vocabulary growth is faster when the mother's speech is in response to the child's behavior. b. Boys tend to be more advanced in vocabulary development than age-matched girls. c. Vocabulary growth is faster in Eastern Cultures because of earlier exposure to language. d. Vocabulary growth is usually retarded if the mother speaks excessively to the child.10.
What information in the speech stream is important in being able to determine the word boundaries?
a. Infants learn the rhythm of their native language and use this to segment the stream. b. By being familiar with the context, infants guess what words should be in in the utterance. c. There are pauses between the words in spoken utterances. d. Infants are assumed to have innate word recognition abilities.11.
If a child has difficulty understanding that the words "cat" and "animal" could refer to the same thing then it is evidence for the
a. pragmatic principle of contrast. b. lexical principle of mutual-exclusivity. c. pragmatic principle of conventionality. d. lexical principle of whole-object assumption.12.
What assumption would allow a child to hear the word dog for a specific dog, yet assume the word applies to other similar animals?
a. taxonomic assumption b. stimulus generalization c. whole-object assumption d. conventionality assumption13.
What relationship has been found between the timing of when a word is heard and the understanding of its meaning?
a. It is best if the child has the meaning or word reference point before they hear the word. b. There is no conclusive evidence one way or the other regarding this relationship. c. It is best for learning if they occur simultaneously. d. Knowing word forms help children learn the word meanings.14.
Spanish speaking children learn that verbs that refer to motion also include the path while English speaking children have these verbs encode manner of motion. This difference reflects
a. cultural referencing. b. linguistic determinism. c. semantic organization. d. linguistic relativity. DoneExplanation / Answer
Arbitrary relationship between words and their referent, means that words have meaning that are dynamic or constantly changing. The meaning of words change depending on the context it is used in. Also, words have different meanings. For instance, the word 'g a y' has various meanings. It refers to as being happy and also, is a slang used to describe homosexuality.
Thus, the correct answer is option, A.
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