Part 2. A drug company is advertising a new drug that helps people recover from
ID: 3460899 • Letter: P
Question
Part 2. A drug company is advertising a new drug that helps people recover from jet lag faster. You are skeptical, so you conduct an experiment to test their claim. In your experiment, 100 people are flown from San Francisco to Tokyo. During the flight, half the participants are randomly given the drug company's new drug. The other half of the participants are given a placebo (i.e., sugar pill) during the flight. Six hours after they land, all participants are asked to rate how sleepy and disoriented they feel on a scale from 1 to 10. 3. What is the dependent variable (DV)? What operational definition was used in this experiment?
Explanation / Answer
There is a specific way in which a variable is measured in a studu. With the concern towards a particular study this is called the operational definition.
The operational definition also helps the researcher to take control of the variable by making the measurement constant.
Experimental Operational Definitions (Manipulated Independent Variable: The new drug):
Sometimes in studies the researchers want to introduce a variable or manipulate whether or not some variable is present to see if it has effects on the participants in their research.
An operational definition is how one researcher decides to measure the variables (New drug and attitudes towards the jet lag behavior )in their study (variable is anything that can be measured).
? There are usually many number of ways to measure a DV
e.g. physiological orientation/behavior or attitude towards the jet lag symptoms can be measured using rating scales and questionnaires.
Population- The entire group of interest. In this case, the population is the Airline travellers.
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Sample- A portion of any population selected
for this study, In the sample size is 100, with random selection of airway passengers ,which is further divided into 2 groups; Control/placebo group and experiment group.
Random Selection- Randomly choosing a sample from a population.
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Example: A researcher measuring the sleeplessness and disorientation symptoms of jet lag in organization is the dependent variable. The independent variable is the New drug.
This is conducted on 100 air line passengers in the flight.
The decision to use :
The Columbia Jet Lag Scale and the Charite Jet Lag Scale can be used for the assessment of jet lag symptoms and severity.
The various Type of research:
The Experimental research
? It is done to demonstrate an existing cause and effect relationships between two variables. Examines how one variable CAUSES another variable to change. ?
What are the advantages?
? A. ethical In nature
? B. captures natural situations as they are
? C. allows control over variables which might interfere or else.
Independent Variable(IV) Altered by the experimenter; ‘The new drug In this case is Hypothesized to cause physiological- behavior attitude towards jet lag.
?
What is jet lag?
Jet lag which is also called desynchronosis and flight fatigue. It is a quiet a temporary disorder that ends up causesing fatigue, insomnia, and other symptoms which result due to air travel across time zones.
It is also considered as a circadian rhythm sleep disorder, which is actually a disruption of the internal body clock.Jet lag can also be defined as a disorientation in sleep patterns and disturbance of normal body rhythms which are experienced after flying across many times zones.
Attributes
Characteristic of interest: The attitude towards Jet lag behavior which is studied based on the effects of the new drug ; whether the drug helps the jet lag symptoms really vanish, or if jet lag could be controlled without the treatment intervention (placebo)
Measuring instrument: The Columbia Jet Lag Scale and the Charite Jet Lag Scale can be used for the assessment of jet lag symptoms and severity ,
Method of test:
Dependent variable (DV) ‘Attitudes towards jet lag behavior’ : It is a condition that gets affected by the independent variable ( The new drug) .
The dependent variable is the attitudes towards the behavior of jet lag .
The representative sample is divided into two groups based on random assignment : Control & Experiment group.
In a placebo experiment design what exactly is a placebo?
A placebo can be any substance with absolutely no known medical effects, examples such as the sterile water, saline solution, or a sugar pill. A placebo is kind of a fake treatment which in some cases can produce a real response.
The control group isnt exposed to Independent variable ( New drug ) ; It is then measured for the change in dependent variable ( Attitudes towards jet lag behavior)
The experiment group is exposed to independent variable ( New drug) ; It is then measured for the change in dependent variable ( Attitude rowards jet lag behavior )
The main question when assessing a treatment is if the treatment will work better than a placebo treatment, or no treatment at all.
One of the early clinical trial researcher had written about the first object of a therapeutic trial was to discover if the patients who tend to receive the treatment under the investigation are cured more rapidly, more completely or more simultaneously , than if they would have been without it.
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