43. You plan to donate $25 to your university\'s scholarship fund. However, when

Question

43. You plan to donate $25 to your university's scholarship fund. However, when you recelve the call for donations, the caller asks if you will contribute $100 You cannot afford $100, but since that figure has been suggested, you agree to donate $50. (2 points 44. Your roommate buys meat described as 75 percent lean instead of meat described as 25 percent fat.(2 polnts) 45. You know what punk bands look like and sound like.So when you see a photo of a new band that looks punk, you assume the band's music Is punk When you llsten to a sample, you are surprised to hear dance pop. (2 points) Part III. Short Answer (10 points) 45. a) What was Thorndike's Law of Effect? (1 point) How did Skinner's Idea of operant conditioning differ from Thorndike's Law of Effect? (Hint: Skinner critiized a particular aspect of Thorndikes law) (1 point) b)

Explanation / Answer

1.Door in the face technique -When the person making a request makes a very high demand , which he knows will be rejected in order to convince the person being requestrd for a middle option, which is higher than he initially planned to give.

2.Framing effect is a cognitive bias in which a same choice if represented as a gain is chosen rather than if it is framed as a loss.The effective gain loss is the same, because it is the same choice, just represented or framed differently.

3.Representativeness Heuristic is the mental short we take to make decisions on basis of the belief that the more closely something, person , event resembles the most typical example of a concept, the more likely it is.However ignorance of base rates, ie knowledge of frequency of things in the external world is a more trustworthy when making decisions, as representatives can fail.

4(a) Thorndike law of effect states that a behavior is more likely to be repeated if positive consequences follow its occurence and is likely to be stopped if negative consequences follow.

(b)Skinner’s theory states that behavior is likely to reoccur based if reinforcer is present and not repeated when it is absent while Thorndike talks in terms of whether the stimulus is positive or negative.  

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