2 What are descriptive and inferential statistics? How do they differ from one a

Question

2 What are descriptive and inferential statistics? How do they differ from one another? How are they used in psychological research? . What are the four types of scales of measurement used in psychological research? Describe each one in the context of an example. 4. Why are measures of central tendency -especially the arithmetic mean so important to psychological research and theory? What is statistical significance? What is the proper use of this concept? Why is the concept often misunderstood? 5. . What are the two types of statistical errors that can occur in hypothesis testing? Describe each one and provide an example 7. How do parametric and non-parametric statistics differ from one another? 8. Why should researchers plan their data analyses in advance of data collection? What is an analysis plan? Why is it an important research tool? 10. Explain the acronym MAGIC and its importance to evaluating research results 11. What is "chartjunk," and why is it a problem for data display? 12. What are secondary analyses of results? 13. How does the statistical technique called "meta-analysis" help clarify research results? 14. As a statistical test, how does the Spearman correlation differ from the Pearson correlation? That is on what sorts of data should each be applied? S. What is a correlation matrix? How can such a matrix help researchers develop questions or theories about behavior 16. Why should researchers graph or plot their data? 17. Why is statistics an important tool for psychology, research methods, and becoming a practical researcher?

Explanation / Answer

Descriptive statistics are used to describe the population, through numerical calculations, graphical representations or tables. On the other hand, inferential statistics are used to make generalizations and predictions about the population based on the data obtained from a sample. The difference between descriptive and inferential statistics lies in what one chooses to do with the data and how it is analyzed. In psychological studies, descriptive statistics serve to organize, analyze and present data in a meaningful manner while inferential statistics compare, tests and predicts data in order to explain the chances of occurrence of an event.

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