QUESTION 1 One of the most serious limitations of the work of Masters and Johnso

Question

QUESTION 1

One of the most serious limitations of the work of Masters and Johnson is that they did not:

study whether or not the source of stimulation influenced orgasm.

follow up their survey research findings with laboratory work.

include enough subjects who were readily orgasmic.

do research to see how experience and culture influence sexual response.

1 points   

QUESTION 2

When obese women combined diet and moderate physical activity, they:

gained weight due to increased hunger.

found that exercise had no effect on weight gain or loss.

lost weight and their metabolic rates rose.

lost weight only when they also received leptin injections.

1 points   

QUESTION 3

Femi has a voluptuous figure, curvy, with big breasts and big hips. She is pleased that her peers think she looks fashionable and attractive. It is most likely that Femi is:

a woman living in Nigeria at the end of the twentieth century.

a woman living in a Canadian prairie province in the twenty-first century.

a woman living in Canada in the decade following the First World War.

a woman living in Northern Europe in the 1960s.

1 points   

QUESTION 4

Imagine you have taken a test of adult attachment style and you find out that you have a secure attachment style. It is likely that you agreed with which of the following statements:

"I find it relatively easy to get close to others and am comfortable depending on them."

"I am somewhat uncomfortable being close to others."

"I want to get very close to my partner, and this sometimes scares people away."

"I often worry that my partner doesn't really love me or won't want to stay with me."

1 points   

QUESTION 5

Motivation refers to a set of processes that:

get you moving toward a goal.

activate physiological events.

represent a complex set of psychological events.

represent innate characteristics of a person.

1 points   

QUESTION 6

Extrinsic motivation is defined as the pursuit of an activity:

for external rewards.

in order to increase one's competence and skills.

for its own sake.

to relieve the state of tension caused by deprivation.

1 points   

QUESTION 7

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the top level of the pyramid?

security needs

self-actualization

esteem needs

social needs

1 points   

QUESTION 8

Obesity is now a serious health problem of epidemic proportions. In Canada in 1994, it was estimated about ________ of women were obese, and about ________ of men were obese.

46%; 27%

26%; 35%

17%; 46%

47%; 66%

1 points   

QUESTION 9

Drive theories of motivation declined for all of the following reason EXCEPT:

biological drives have very little, if any, influence on human motivation.

most motives are not terminated when deprivation ceases.

most motives are not triggered by physiological deprivation.

some people will endure deprivation, as when on a hunger strike.

1 points   

QUESTION 10

________ is a substance that helps to regulate appetite.

Leptin

Endorphin

Metabolin

Ephedra

1 points   

QUESTION 11

________ involve the effort to avoid unpleasant experiences.

Learning goals

Avoidance goals

Performance goals

Mastery goals

1 points   

QUESTION 12

Rising rates of obesity are best explained by:

too much high-fat food and too little exercise.

a lack of willpower.

the increase in eating disorders.

genetic changes over the past few decades.

1 points   

QUESTION 13

Kerri has a secure attachment style in her romantic relationships. She would be most likely to agree with all of the following EXCEPT:

"I don't often worry about being abandoned."

"I want to merge completely with another person."

"I am comfortable having others depend on me."

"I find it easy to get close to others."

1 points   

QUESTION 14

Bobby reads books because he loves to learn and acquire information, whereas Jimmy will read a book if his parents pay him five dollars for every book he reads. Bobby's behaviour is a good example of ________, and Jimmy's behaviour is a good example of ________.

extrinsic motivation; intrinsic motivation

extrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation

intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation

intrinsic motivation; intrinsic motivation

1 points   

QUESTION 15

________ are goals framed in terms of increasing one's competence and skills.

Avoidance goals

Performance goals

Mastery goals

Approach goals

1 points   

QUESTION 16

Historically, when women have needed a relationship for financial security, sex was regarded as a/an:

art to cultivate, like the art of cooking.

asset to be rationed to achieve a goal.

act to be "gotten through" quickly.

pleasurable activity to be enjoyed.

1 points   

QUESTION 17

Which of the following is more hazardous to health than a heavy work load?

frequent irritability

cynical anger

a highly reactive response to challenge

a sense of time urgency

1 points   

QUESTION 18

The HPA axis is a system activated to:

control the sensory and motor nerves.

relax the body and help it conserve energy.

carry messages from special receptors in the skin to the brain.

energize the body to respond to stressors.

1 points   

QUESTION 19

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Loneliness and worry can suppress the immune system and permit existing viruses, such as herpes, to erupt.

Once a person has a medical condition, negative emotions can affect the course of the illness and recovery.

Feeling anxious, depressed, and helpless can delay the healing of wounds after surgery, whereas feeling hopeful can speed recovery.

The Type A personality's high reactiveness to stress is the key risk factor in heart disease.

1 points   

QUESTION 20

There is good evidence that:

anger can cause a heart attack.

negative emotions affect the course of illness.

the determination to succeed affects the cardiovascular system.

depression can cause cancer.

1 points   

QUESTION 21

If you put on an angry face, then:

your heart rate will decelerate more than if you put on a happy face.

your parasympathetic nervous system will become active.

your heart rate will rise faster than if you put on a happy face.

physiological change won't occur because it is a false emotion.

1 points   

QUESTION 22

Thornton drops his glasses on the sidewalk and they shatter. Which of the following would be a response that shows reappraisal?

"I am a stupid, clumsy idiot, that's for sure."

"I'll put it out of my mind by going for a swim."

"I can't ever do anything right, it seems."

"That's a shame, but I've been wanting new glasses anyway."

1 points   

QUESTION 23

Which of the following is a secondary emotion?

anger

disgust

fear

love

1 points   

QUESTION 24

Optimism seems to require some degree of:

repression.

positive illusion.

pessimism.

denial.

1 points   

QUESTION 25

Which of the following is a type of white blood cell?

antigens

helper B cells

antibodies

natural killer cells

1 points   

QUESTION 26

In collectivistic societies, shame and loss of face would be considered ________ emotions.

attributional

primary

secondary

tertiary

1 points   

QUESTION 27

Which of the following statements is true?

Massage is comforting, but physiological research shows that it has no impact on the immune system or stress hormones.

A low level of physical activities is associated with the development of many chronic diseases.

Progressive relaxation lowers blood pressure, lowers stress hormones and lowers feelings of anxiety and anger.

A low level of physical activities is associated with decreased life expectancy for both sexes.

1 points   

QUESTION 28

As the four winners of the grade-school spelling bee posed for a picture, each was mulling over the day's success. Which child shows an external locus of control?

Chris, who thinks, Wow! I'm really smart when it comes to spelling.

Lee, who thinks, I really worked hard learning all those words and it paid off.

Nat, who thinks, I'll succeed by setting my sights on what I want and I'll keep trying!

Terry, who thinks, This is my lucky day! I was really lucky to get such easy words!

1 points   

QUESTION 29

Which of the following is NOT a function of facial expressions?

foster communication with others

enhance infant survival

signal our intentions to others

help us identify others

1 points   

QUESTION 30

PNI researchers are especially interested in the:

relationship between hostility and depression.

distinction between primary control and secondary control.

white blood cells of the immune system.

cognitive strategies used to cope with stress.

1 points   

QUESTION 31

Adelaida hears a rattling sound as she hikes through the desert. Her muscles tense, blood pressure rises, and digestion shuts down. According to Hans Selye, she is in the:

resistance phase.

exhaustion phase.

chronic stress phase.

alarm phase.

1 points   

QUESTION 32

________ try to deny feelings of anxiety, anger, or fear and pretend that everything is fine.

Externals

Suppressors

Optimists

Pessimists

1 points   

QUESTION 33

As Molly looks at the grade on her final exam, she thinks, I did well on this exam, but only because my roommate helped me study. Molly's thoughts indicate that she has:

an internal locus of control.

learned helplessness.

an external locus of control.

learned hopelessness.

1 points   

QUESTION 34

An increased likelihood of miscarriage, premature birth, and low birth weight results from ________ during pregnancy.

alcohol use

cigarette smoking

German measles

cocaine use

1 points   

QUESTION 35

Erikson's work was important because he:

identified essential crises that define the process of aging.

identified universal stages of life-span development.

placed adult development in the context of family and society.

placed life-span development in the context of cultural social clocks.

1 points   

QUESTION 36

Comparisons of hormone production in boys and girls show that:

from puberty onwards, boys produce more androgens and girls produce more estrogens.

before puberty, boys have higher levels of estrogen than do girls.

from puberty onwards, boys and girls produce the same amounts of androgens and estrogens.

before puberty, girls have higher levels of estrogen than do boys.

1 points   

QUESTION 37

In regard to language acquisition, adults seem to know that:

by 12 months of age, healthy babies are able to name three to five familiar objects.

the baby's own name seemed to be recognized at about the age of 11 months.

the melody and the rhythm of "baby talk" help babies learn their native language.

the appearance of telegraphic speech means the parents use too much "baby talk."

1 points   

QUESTION 38

Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily's uterus by means of an ultrasound. The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal and that their baby's fingers, toes, heart, and circulatory system are developing as expected. The couple is surprised to learn that the baby is only 4 cm long. Given this information, the current stage of prenatal development is the:

fetal stage.

stage of the zygote.

germinal stage.

embryonic stage.

1 points   

QUESTION 39

The research of Harlow and Harlow supported the hypothesis that ________ was the basis for the attachment of infants to their parents.

feeding

proximity

eye contact

contact comfort

1 points   

QUESTION 40

For Jean Piaget, the mistakes or errors children make:

provided important clues about their level of cognitive development.

reflected a poor learning history and poor parenting.

were signs of unconscious conflicts or tension.

resulted from the overuse of on the part of parents of "parentese."

1 points   

QUESTION 41

Hillary is the first girl in her class to become sexually mature. She would be more likely than later-maturing girls to:

have a positive body image and gain prestige for athletic skills.

develop positive communication patterns with her parents.

be socially unpopular for being "off-time" in maturation.

drop out of school and have emotional problems.

1 points   

QUESTION 42

Sam is playing with a ball when it rolls under a piece of furniture and out of sight. When this happens, he acts as if it no longer exists and makes no attempt to find it. According to Piaget, Sam would be in the ________ period of development.

sensorimotor

formal

preoperational

concrete

1 points   

QUESTION 43

In what age group does the challenge of generativity vs. stagnation occur?

adolescence

middle adulthood

young adulthood

late adulthood

1 points   

QUESTION 44

A toddler smacks her lips to let her parents know that she wants food. This is an example of:

a language acquisition device.

parentese.

a symbolic gesture.

telegraphic speech.

1 points   

QUESTION 45

All of the following would be considered "gender differences" EXCEPT for the difference between men and women in regard to:

reading romance novels.

sexual attitudes.

doing laundry.

colour blindness.

1 points   

QUESTION 46

The sensory abilities of newborn infants:

include the ability to see and hear, but not to discriminate tastes and smells.

include visual abilities that are much like those of an adult.

are poor, resulting in a confused picture of the world.

include the ability to discriminate smells, tastes, and sounds almost immediately.

1 points   

QUESTION 47

Researchers have located the most beneficial parenting style at the intersection of the two dimensions of:

isolationist and interactive.

permissiveness and assertiveness.

demandingness and responsiveness.

permissiveness and responsiveness.

1 points   

QUESTION 48

Early-maturing boys generally have ________ than do late-maturing boys.

more negative concepts about their bodies

fewer problems with the law

more size and strength advantages to boost sports skills

more fights with parents about being sexually precocious

1 points   

QUESTION 49

At the moment of conception, a male's sperm cell fertilizes a female's egg to form the single cell known as the:

neonate.

zygote.

fetus.

embryo.

1 points   

QUESTION 50

Which of the following statements best sums up Erik Erikson's theory?

Personality is formed by the time a child turns five or six years old.

Stage theories are inadequate in capturing life's developmental changes.

Eight inevitable crises must be resolved as one moves through life.

Adult development is characterized by transitions and milestones.

study whether or not the source of stimulation influenced orgasm.

follow up their survey research findings with laboratory work.

include enough subjects who were readily orgasmic.

do research to see how experience and culture influence sexual response.

Explanation / Answer

Q1.do research to see how experience and culture influence sexual response.

Q2.lost weight and their metabolic rates rose. a moderate amount of physical exercise is needed to reduce weight and even increase the metabolic rate.

Q3.a woman living in Nigeria at the end of the twentieth century.

Q4."I am somewhat uncomfortable being close to others."For example,Children who are securely attached generally become visibly upset when their caregivers leave and are happy when their parents return. When frightened, these children will seek comfort from the parent or caregiver.

Q5.Motivation is a behavioral progression that instigates an individual to move toward a goal and guides him in the process.Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.

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